Table 5.
Univariate Analyses for Prognostic Factors for Recurrencea.
| Variable | Local Recurrence Event % (LR/Total) | P | Time to LR (Months) | P | Distant Recurrence Event % (DR/Total) | P | Time to DR (Months) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 47.2% (153/324) | .0601 | 37 | .7441 | 27.8% (54/194) | .0265 | 51 | .7582 |
| Female | 38.8% (80/206) | 38 | 16.4% (19/116) | 54 | ||||
| Age | ||||||||
| <65 | 46.0% (165/359) | .6742 | 39 | .0433 | 25.7% (61/237) | .0304 | 55 | .0457 |
| ≥65 | 43.4% (53/122) | 30 | 13.8% (11/80) | 38 | ||||
| Neurologic symptomsb | ||||||||
| Present | 46.7% (28/60) | 1.000 | 25 | .0028 | 16.3% (8/49) | .6064 | 47 | c |
| Absent | 45.3% (24/53) | 38 | 21.3% (10/47) | 30 | ||||
| Surgical approach | ||||||||
| Combined | 45.6% (77/169) | .0505 | 49 | <.0001 | 24.3% (26/107) | .0963 | 47 | .7293 |
| Posterior | 35.2% (64/182) | 26 | 15.2% (19/125) | 43 | ||||
| Previous surgery | ||||||||
| Yes | 60.0% (57/95) | .0004 | 50 | .2964 | 37.0% (10/27) | .2244 | 54 | .8425 |
| No | 37.8% (90/238) | 41 | 24.1% (27/112) | 52 | ||||
| Surgical margin | ||||||||
| Wide | 25.6% (80/313) | <.0001 | 47 | .1034 | 16.4% (23/140) | <.0001 | 66 | .6724 |
| Marginal | 44.4% (59/133) | 37 | 40.0% (24/60) | 56 | ||||
| Wide-contaminated | 64.7% (11/17) | 44 | 75.0% (3/4) | 39 | ||||
| Intralesional | 57.0% (73/128) | 35 | 52.5% (32/61) | 52 | ||||
| Proximal extent | ||||||||
| Above S3 | 44.3% (120/271) | 1.000 | 42 | .5819 | 27.0% (38/141) | .1984 | 58 | .0193 |
| S3 or below | 44.5% (85/191) | 45 | 18.6% (16/86) | 35 | ||||
| Adjuvant therapyd | ||||||||
| Used | 53.5% (115/215) | .0147 | 39 | .0014 | 23.2% (29/125) | .0338 | 50 | .0512 |
| Not used | 42.3% (121/286) | 25 | 12.6% (17/135) | 31 |
Abbreviations: LR, local recurrence; DR, distant recurrence.
aThree factors were found to be significantly associated with local recurrence: history of previous sacral surgery, surgical margin, and adjuvant therapy.
bIncludes sensory deficit, motor deficit, saddle anesthesia, difficulty walking, neuropathic pain, bowel dysfunction, bladder dysfunction.
cNot enough subjects to perform a statistical analysis.
dIncludes radiation therapy, chemotherapy, cryosurgery.