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. 2019 Apr 3;16:15. doi: 10.1186/s12989-019-0298-0

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — MMP gene and protein expression induced by exposure of 3D lung microtissues to test nanomaterials for 4 days. a Dose response of MMP1 and MMP3 gene expression analyzed using qRT-PCR. Statistical significance is indicated as *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 for comparisons between each dose relative to untreated microtissues. Statistical significance is indicated by ^#p < 0.05 for comparisons between the same dose of each of the three nanomaterials relative to untreated microtissues. b Expression of MMP proteins in microtissue protein lysates collected after exposure to test nanomaterials for 4 days. These experiments were repeated twice. ND = not detectable