Table 1.
Characteristics of the studies included in the review.
| Author year |
Country | Study design | No. of patients (n) |
Gender (M/F) |
Age | Duration | Program of PR | CG group | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vainshelboim et al. 2016[16] | Israel | RCTs, 2arms |
32 PR 15 CG 17 |
PR 10/5 CG 11/6 |
PR 68.8±6 CG 66±9 |
12-week | Aerobic, Resistance, Flexibility exercise, Modes and deep breathing exercises |
Regular care |
FVC%%, DLCO%%, 6MWD, IPAQ SGRQ scores |
|
| |||||||||
| Vainshelboim et al. 2015[17] | Israel | RCTs, 2arms |
28 PR 14 CG 14 |
/ | PR 68.8±6 CG 66±9 |
11-month follow-up | Aerobic, Resistance, Flexibility exercise, Modes and deep breathing exercises |
Regular care |
FVC%%, DLCO%%, 6MWD, SGRQ scores, IPAQ |
| He et al. 2016[18] |
China | RCTs, 2arms |
30 PR 15 CG 15 |
PR 9/6 CG 8/7 |
PR 64.87±7.36 CG 65.33±7.74 |
12-week | Cycle ergometer | Regular care |
FVC%%, DLCO%%, 6MWD, TLC%, ATAQ-IPF scores |
| Gaunaurd et al.2014[19] |
America | RCTs, 2arms |
21 PR 11 CG 10 |
/ | PR 71±6 CG 66±7 |
12 weeks 3-month follow-up | Educational lectures, Supervised aerobic, Strengthening exercises. |
Regular care |
IPF-specific SGRQ scores IPAQ, FVC%, DLCO%% |
| Robert et al. 2014[20] |
America | RCTs, 2arms |
21 PR 11 CG 10 |
/ | PR 71±6 CG 66±7 |
12 weeks | Educational lectures, Treadmill walking, Semi recumbent cycling, Self-administered, Flexibility exercises, Strength training |
Regular care |
6MWD, TLC% |
| Nishiyama et al. 2008[21] |
Japan | RCTs, 2arms |
28, PR 13 CG 15 |
PR 12/1 CG 9/6 |
PR 68.1±8.9 CG 64.5±9.1 |
10 weeks | Treadmill, Cycle ergometer test, Supplemental oxygen, Elastic bands, Arm raising, Knee extensions, Educational lectures |
Regular care |
6MWD, SGRQ scores FVC%, FEV1, TLC, BDI |
| Dariusz et al. 2008[22] |
Poland | RCTs, 2arms |
30 PR 16 CG 14 |
PR 10/6 CG 9/5 |
PR 56.5 ± 6.5 CG 56.2 ± 7.2 |
12 weeks | Inspiratory muscle training | Regular care |
6MWD, BDI, SF-36 |
Abbreviations: RCTs: randomized controlled trials; PR: pulmonary rehabilitation; CG: control group; FVC%: forced vital capacity; DLCO%: diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide; 6MWD: six-minute walk; SGRQ: St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire; IPAQ: International Physical Activity Questionnaire; IPF-specific SGRQ: St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire specific for IPF; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second, test/distance, BDI, baseline dyspnea index; SF-36: social functioning-36.