Table 1.

Outcome measures for comparing a current, typical exam room layout with the redesigned layout during lab simulation study.

Outcome measure	Definition	Measuring tool/method
Efficiency	Efficiency completing scenarios with the given exam room and computing layout.	Time to complete test scenarios
Errors	Deviations or omissions from the given clinical scenarios.	Completeness of each clinical scenario.
Workload	The difference between the amount of resources available within a person and the amount of resources demanded by the task situation (Sanders & McCormick, 1993)	NASA Task Load Index (TLX) (Hart & Staveland, 1988)
Patient-centeredness	Time the provider is focused on the patient compared to the computer	Eye gaze (E.; Montague & Asan, 2014; E.; Montague et al., 2011)
Amount of screen sharing with the patient	Time spent sharing information from the EHR and related software programs where both the provider and patient are viewing the computer monitor	Time spent during screen sharing activities.
Workflow integration of computer/EHR	Degree to which new technology is tailored such that it fits into the clinician’s workflow process for delivering patient care	Workflow Integration Survey (WIS) (Flanagan et al., 2011)
Situation Awareness	Perception and comprehension of elements in the environment; projection of their status in the future (Endsley, 1995)	Situation Awareness Rating Technique (SART) (Selcon & Taylor, 1990)