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. 2019 Apr 1;14:2327–2340. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S191940

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© 2019 Wu et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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Ex vivo skin-permeation profile of the selected ME formulation, HC-MEs, CC-MEs, AC-MEs, LC-MEs, and tincture (n=6).

Notes: (A) Cumulative 12-hour 8-MOP permeation of skin; (B) comparison of 8-MOP retained and permeated in skin and calculated retention:permeation ratio (^****P<0.001, ^**P<0.01). MEs showed a significantly higher amount of 8-MOP retained in the skin than all chitosan derivative-coated MEs, and also showed the highest ratio of retention:permeation.

Abbreviations: ME, microemulsion; HC, hydroxypropyl chitosan; CC, carboxymethyl chitosan; AC, acetic chitosan; LC, lactate chitosan; MOP, methoxypsoralen.