Table 1.
Characteristics of CBCS Phase I women with invasive breast cancer and with available plasma DDE and lipid data (n=748).
| Characteristic | n (%) | DDE | DDE Tertiles (μg/g lipid) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| μg/g lipid | ≤0.36 | 0.37–1.00 | ≥1.01 | ||
| Mean (SD) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Race | |||||
| White | 456 (61.0) | 0.66 (0.77) | 209 (83.9) | 162 (65.1) | 85 (34.0) |
| Black | 292 (39.0) | 1.96 (2.24) | 40 (16.1) | 87 (34.9) | 165 (66.0) |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | |||||
| <50 | 438 (58.6) | 0.78 (0.93) | 197 (79.1) | 143 (57.4) | 98 (39.2) |
| ≥50 | 310 (41.4) | 1.71 (2.20) | 52 (20.9) | 106 (42.6) | 152 (60.8) |
| Education | |||||
| Less than high school | 137 (18.3) | 2.37 (2.85) | 25 (10.0) | 33 (13.2) | 79 (31.6) |
| High school | 281 (37.6) | 1.06 (1.18) | 74 (29.7) | 107 (43.0) | 100 (40.0) |
| Some college or greater | 330 (44.1) | 0.76 (0.93) | 150 (60.2) | 109 (43.8) | 71 (28.4) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||
| <25.0 | 221 (30.1) | 1.22 (1.72) | 63 (26.0) | 82 (33.5) | 76 (30.8) |
| 25.0–29.9 | 229 (31.2) | 1.51 (1.55) | 46 (19.0) | 75 (30.6) | 108 (43.7) |
| ≥30.0 | 284 (38.7) | 0.85 (1.61) | 133 (55.0) | 88 (35.9) | 63 (25.5) |
| Missing | 14 | 7 | 4 | 3 | |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 392 (52.4) | 1.28 (1.83) | 131 (52.6) | 120 (48.2) | 141 (56.4) |
| Former | 183 (24.5) | 0.93 (1.04) | 63 (25.3) | 62 (24.9) | 58 (23.2) |
| Current | 173 (23.1) | 1.16 (1.74) | 55 (22.1) | 67 (26.9) | 51 (20.4) |
| Parity/Lactation history | |||||
| Nulliparous | 112 (15.0) | 1.05 (1.49) | 41 (16.5) | 35 (14.1) | 36 (14.4) |
| Parous/never lactated | 387 (51.7) | 1.11 (1.28) | 115 (46.2) | 134 (53.8) | 138 (55.2) |
| Parous/ever lactated | 249 (33.3) | 1.30 (2.15) | 93 (37.3) | 80 (32.1) | 76 (30.4) |
| Stage | |||||
| I/II | 613 (88.2) | 1.11 (1.63) | 213 (92.2) | 206 (88.4) | 194 (84.0) |
| III/IV | 82 (11.8) | 1.57 (1.98) | 18 (7.8) | 27 (11.6) | 37 (16.0) |
| Missing | 53 | 18 | 16 | 19 | |
| Grade | |||||
| I/II | 376 (57.7) | 1.27 (1.94) | 132 (60.6) | 115 (54.5) | 129 (51.9) |
| III | 276 (42.3) | 1.10 (1.34) | 86 (39.4) | 96 (45.5) | 94 (42.1) |
| Missing | 96 | 31 | 38 | 27 | |
| Tumor size (cm) | |||||
| ≤2.0 | 396 (56.3) | 1.14 (1.73) | 130 (55.8) | 143 (61.1) | 123 (51.9) |
| >2.0 | 308 (43.8) | 1.22 (1.60) | 103 (44.2) | 91 (38.9) | 114 (48.1) |
| Missing | 44 | 16 | 15 | 13 | |
| Node status | |||||
| Negative | 442 (62.3) | 1.10 (1.64) | 148 (62.7) | 157 (66.5) | 137 (57.6) |
| Positive | 268 (37.7) | 1.30 (1.73) | 88 (37.3) | 79 (33.5) | 101 (42.4) |
| Missing | 38 | 13 | 13 | 12 | |
| Estrogen receptor (ER) status | |||||
| ER+ | 404 (58.7) | 1.30 (1.98) | 128 (55.4) | 134 (59.8) | 142 (60.9) |
| ER− | 284 (41.3) | 1.00 (1.13) | 103 (44.6) | 90 (40.2) | 91 (39.1) |
| Missing | 60 | 18 | 25 | 17 | |
Carolina Breast Cancer Study (CBCS) participants were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 1993–1996 (Phase I) and followed-up for vital status through December 31, 2016.