Table 1.

Causes of Renal Failure in Cirrhosis

AKI

Prerenal

Infection

Hypovolemia

HRS (types 1 and 2)*

Intrarenal

Acute tubular necrosis

Acute glomerulonephritis

Drug injury (contrast and antibiotics)

Chronic kidney disease

Diabetic nephropathy†

HCV‐MPGN†, ‡

HBV‐MPGN†, ‡

IgA nephropathy

Abbreviations: HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IgA, immunoglobulin A; MPGN, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

^*Renal injury may resolve due to liver transplantation.

^†Renal injury may resolve following successful treatment of the viral infection.

^‡Renal injury may worsen following transplantation due to nephrotoxicity of antirejection medications.