Fig. 3.

Chronic insulin exposure is responsible for the loss of IR protein in mouse podocytes. Total IRβ levels following the exposure of podocytes to either (a) 25 mmol/l glucose (G) or mannitol (M), or (b) TNF-α and IL-6, at the stated concentrations, for 10 days. Representative western blot (top) and matched densitometry (bottom). (c) Total IRβ, IGF-IRβ, IRS-1 and IRS-2 protein following growth of podocytes in the presence of insulin in vitro. ***p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparison; n = 4