Table 2.

Longitudinal analysis of the association between baseline HbA_1c levels (per 1 mmol/mol increment) and rate of change in cognitive z scores (SD/year), using linear mixed models

z Score	Model 1a		Model 2b
	β (95% CI)	p value	β (95% CI)	p value
Global cognitive z score	−0.0009 (−0.0014, −0.0003)	0.002	−0.0009 (−0.0014, −0.0003)	0.002
Memory z score	−0.0005 (−0.0009, −0.0001)	0.019	−0.0005 (−0.0009, −0.0001)	0.025
Executive function z score	−0.0009 (−0.0013, −0.0004)	<0.001	−0.0008 (−0.0013, −0.0004)	<0.001
Orientation z score	−0.0004 (−0.0011, 0.0002)	0.167	−0.0004 (−0.0011, 0.0002)	0.186

^aModel 1: adjusted for baseline age and sex

^bModel 2: further adjusted for baseline total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-sensitivity CRP, BMI, education, marital status, depressive symptoms, current smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, CHD, stroke, chronic lung disease and cancer