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. 2016 Feb 11;149(3):643–669. doi: 10.1007/s10551-016-3017-x

Table 2.

Sample distribution by year and social performance scores

Year Toptier Lowtier Medtier Zerotier Total
1991 153 100 141 105 499
1992 145 118 179 60 502
1993 107 124 232 35 498
1994 79 109 280 21 489
1995 87 102 284 22 495
1996 107 83 266 43 499
1997 76 98 300 25 499
1998 87 93 294 26 500
1999 91 90 305 18 504
2000 80 80 327 21 508
2001 129 142 378 170 819
2002 104 170 392 126 792
2003 306 613 681 517 2117
2004 258 794 936 236 2224
2005 222 831 920 178 2151
2006 152 795 1080 114 2141
2007 158 798 1056 126 2138
2008 172 793 1082 114 2161
2009 174 773 1084 164 2195
2010 108 1267 701 138 2214
2011 39 1351 718 3 2111
2012 353 500 593 608 2054
Total 3187 9824 12,229 2870 28,110
1991–2012 0.11 0.35 0.44 0.10 1
1991–2007 0.13 0.30 0.46 0.11 1
2008–2009 0.08 0.36 0.50 0.06 1
2010–2012 0.08 0.49 0.32 0.12 1

This table presents the sample distribution for all firms (except financial and utility firms) covered by KLD between 1991 and 2012. The sample is divided into four groups based on Strengths (Str) and Concerns (Con) measures as defined in Table 1. The toptier group includes all firms having positive Str, but zero Con. The lowtier group includes all firms having positive Con, but zero Str. The medtier group includes all firms having both positive Str and positive Con. The zerotier group includes all firms having zero Str and zero Con