The methodology involves four important steps: (i) Serum extraction from blood samples of BLCA patients and normal individuals, (ii) Filtration, metabolic extraction, and targeted metabolic profiling by LC-MS, (iii) Identification of differential metabolites and deciphering the biochemical pathways involving the upregulated metabolites, and (iv) Validation of genes involved in regulating the biochemical pathways and their clinical association in TCGA cohorts.