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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2019 Jan 14;28(4):770–781. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-18-0936

Figure 1. Overview of global serum metabolic profiling in BLCA patients and normal individuals.

Figure 1.

The methodology involves four important steps: (i) Serum extraction from blood samples of BLCA patients and normal individuals, (ii) Filtration, metabolic extraction, and targeted metabolic profiling by LC-MS, (iii) Identification of differential metabolites and deciphering the biochemical pathways involving the upregulated metabolites, and (iv) Validation of genes involved in regulating the biochemical pathways and their clinical association in TCGA cohorts.