Table 2.
Study period | ESCC | GNCC | GCC | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | HR (95% CI)† | HR (95% CI)‡ | N | HR (95% CI)† | HR (95% CI)‡ | N | HR (95% CI)† | HR (95% CI)‡ | |
6‐year trial period (baseline–1991) | |||||||||
None | 9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 7 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Moderate | 57 | 1.82 (1.01–2.74) | 1.77 (0.87–3.57) | 3 | 0.90 (0.15–5.38) | 0.87 (0.12–6.16) | 34 | 1.87 (0.83–4.22) | 1.69 (0.72–2.97) |
Severe | 45 | 1.43 (0.70–2.93) | 1.28 (0.61–2.67) | 9 | 1.92 (0.42–8.89) | 1.47 (0.19–11.63) | 34 | 1.79 (1.20–2.66) | 1.55 (1.06–2.18) |
15‐year trial period (baseline–2000) | |||||||||
None | 32 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 25 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Moderate | 126 | 1.80 (1.22–2.65) | 1.58 (1.06–2.35) | 13 | 1.96 (0.64–6.01) | 1.12 (0.30–4.18) | 82 | 1.77 (0.87–3.57) | 1.49 (0.65–3.42) |
Severe | 160 | 1.57 (1.08–2.30) | 1.49 (0.94–2.16) | 20 | 2.51 (0.86–7.35) | 1.28 (0.37–4.43) | 99 | 1.67 (1.06–2.63) | 1.30 (1.03–1.64) |
30‐year trial period (baseline–2015) | |||||||||
None | 72 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 14 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 37 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Moderate | 202 | 1.51 (1.16–1.98) | 1.34 (1.01–1.76) | 25 | 1.51 (0.77–2.97) | 1.10 (0.53–2.29) | 107 | 1.44 (0.98–2.11) | 1.09 (0.73–1.64) |
Severe | 262 | 1.33 (1.02–1.73) | 1.28 (0.97–1.68) | 36 | 1.89 (0.99–3.59) | 1.35 (0.66–2.74) | 139 | 1.26 (0.87–1.83) | 1.08 (0.72–1.62) |
Not adjusted for age at baseline, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), family history of tumors, education, or consumption of fresh fruit.
Adjusted for age at baseline, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, family history of tumor, education, and consumption of fresh fruit. Bold text indicates statistical significance. “N” represents the number of deaths from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric non‐cardia carcinoma (GNCC), or gastric cardia carcinoma (GCC). CI, confidence interval, HR, hazard ratio; UGI, upper gastrointestinal.