Table 1.
Baseline characteristics in participants with and without later development of PAD.
| Characteristic | No PAD (n = 5306) | PAD (n = 244) |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline age, years, mean (SD) | 57.5 (5.9) | 59.3 (5.6) |
| Male sex, % | 40.9 (n = 2170) | 56.1 (n = 137) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 25.7 (3.9) | 26.0 (4.0; n = 243) |
| History of hypertension, % | 63.5 (3365/5302) | 78.2 (190/243) |
| History of diabetes, % | 2.8 (121/4358) | 13.3 (27/203) |
| Current smoking, % | 27.4 (1453/5302) | 53.9 (131/243) |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 6.1 (5.4–6.8; n = 5237) | 6.3 (5.7–7.1; n = 239) |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6; n = 5236) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0; n = 239) |
| Haemoglobin A1c, %, median (IQR) | 4.8 (4.5–5.1; n = 5231) | 5.0 (4.7–5.5; n = 240) |
| Plasma inflammatory biomarkers, median (IQR) | ||
| CRP (mg/L) | 1.4 (0.7–2.8) (n = 5071) | 2.1 (1.0–4.6) (n = 229) |
| Proneurotensin (pmol/L) | 104.6 (75.7–148.0) (n = 4420) | 108.0 (77.7–156.5) (n = 207) |
| Lp-PLAS2 (mass) (ng/ml) | 255.0 (214.0–316.5) (n = 5154) | 279.2 (224.9–345.1) (n = 236) |
| Lp-PLAS2 (activity) (nmol/min/ml) | 44.0 (36.2–52.7) (n = 5158) | 49.4 (40.6–59.7) (n = 237) |
PAD; peripheral artery disease, CRP; C-reactive protein, Lp-PLA2 (activity and mass); lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, SD; standard deviation, IQR; interquartile range.