Table 5. The review of the literature on the frequency of unilateral and bilateral cadaveric presentation of the digastric muscle variationsa).
Study | No. of cadavers with | Overall (unilateral+bilateral) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Unilateral presentation | Bilateral presentation | |||
Left | Right | |||
Yamada [5]; fetus | 15 | 17 | 12 | 44 |
Yamada [5] | 4 | 9 | 15 | 28 |
Yamada [46] | 2 | 3 | 9 | 14 |
Mori [8] | 37 | 31 | 73 | 141 |
Komatsu et al. [47] | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
Sato et al. [48] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Sargon and Celik [19] | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Andreo et al. [50] | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
Sarikcioglu et al. [20] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Holibková and Machálek [21] | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Sargon et al. [22] | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 |
Peker et al. [23] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Guelfguat et al. [24] | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Mascaro et al. [51] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Yüksel and Yüksel [25] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Celik et al. [26] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Aktekin et al. [27] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
De-Ary-Pires et al. [9] | 15 (side unspecified) | 5 | 20 | |
Fujimura et al. [28] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Sakamoto and Akita [52] | 3 | 0 | 7 | 10 |
Turan-Ozdemir et al. [29] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Loukas et al. [30] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Ozgursoy and Kucuk [31] | 1 (posterior belly) | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Bakirci et al. [32] | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
Liquidato et al. [43] | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
Ozgur et al. [33] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Reyes et al. [34] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Kim et al. [12] | 3 (side unspecified) | 5 | 8 | |
Mehta et al. [35] | 0 | 0 | 1 (posterior belly) | 1 |
Ozgur et al. [44] | 1 | 0 | 19 | 20 |
Kyung et al. [36] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Yamazaki et al. [37] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Kalniev et al. [13] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Quadros et al. [38] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Rani et al. [39] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Total | 67 | 66 | 175 | 326 |
21% | 20% | |||
151 (unspecified unilateral variations included) | ||||
46% | 54% | 100% |
a)Unless specified as the variation of the posterior belly, the variation denotes the variation of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle.