Table 2.
Comparison of the patients with respect to severity of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS)
| Parameters | Mild to moderate OSA | Severe OSA | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 51.52 ± 11.14 | 55.47 ± 10.23 | 0.131 |
| Gender (f/m) | 11/18 | 7/33 | 0.056 |
| Smoker (n/y) | 24/5 | 33/7 | 0.978 |
| Diabetes (n/y) | 26/3 | 30/10 | 0.124 |
| CAD (n/y) | 25/4 | 35/5 | 0.875 |
| CVD (n/y) | 27/2 | 35/5 | 0.447 |
| Metabolic syndrome (n/y) | 3/21 | 5/34 | 0.970 |
| RR systolic (mmHg) | 135 (120–145) | 141.25 (126.25–146.25) | 0.300 |
| RR diastolic (mmHg) | 87.08 ± 8.23 | 90.44 ± 10.11 | 0.174 |
| Arterial hypertension (n/y) | 12/16 | 4/36 | 0.002 |
| Weight (kg) | 91.2 (76.5–94.7) | 100.85 (90.25–121.65) | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.07 (28.23–32.56) | 35.51 (30.15–39.07) | < 0.001 |
| Abdominal circumference (cm) | 108 (99–113) | 118.5 (109–126.5) | < 0.001 |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 40.96 ± 4.03 | 46.35 ± 4.80 | < 0.001 |
| Height (m) | 169.93 ± 7.57 | 172.39 ± 7.59 | 0.189 |
| Irisin (ng/ml) | 6.91 ± 0.76 | 6.94 ± 0.90 | 0.886 |
| BDNF (ng/ml) | 359.12 ± 108.75 | 375.99 ± 118.12 | 0.549 |
| IMT (mm) | 0.61 ± 0.09 | 0.67 ± 0.09 | 0.015 |
| Urea (mmol/L) | 5.1 (4.1–6) | 5.4 (4.3–6.6) | 0.246 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 69 (62–80) | 80 (74–96) | < 0.001 |
| GOT (U/L) | 18 (17–22) | 21 (18–25) | 0.044 |
| GPT (U/L) | 25 (19–32) | 27 (20–39) | 0.303 |
| γGT (U/L) | 29 (23–52) | 38 (29–54) | 0.154 |
| CK (U/L) | 109 (71–158) | 120 (92–162) | 0.297 |
| LDH (U/L) | 175 (160–200) | 174 (159–201) | 0.818 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.2 (5.1–5.7) | 5.8 (5.2–6.7) | 0.012 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | 13.2 (9.3–16.6) | 16.2 (9.9–31.2) | 0.133 |
| HbA1C (%) | 5.5 (5.2–5.9) | 5.9 (5.5–6.5) | 0.009 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.08 ± 1.10 | 5.25 ± 1.01 | 0.506 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.25 ± 0.96 | 3.21 ± 1.09 | 0.885 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 1.1 (0.90–1.2) | < 0.001 |
| Apo-A1 (g/L) | 1.58 ± 0.23 | 1.35 ± 0.20 | < 0.001 |
| ApoB (g/L) | 1.01 ± 0.25 | 1.11 ± 0.29 | 0.134 |
| Lp(a) (mg/L) | 390.52 ± 455.97 | 150.51 ± 205.51 | 0.005 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 1.8 (1.5–3.6) | < 0.001 |
| CRP (normal/high) | 27/2 | 27/12 | 0.016 |
| Beck score | 5 (2.5–10.5) | 6 (3–10) | 0.608 |
| Epworth score | 8.21 ± 4.27 | 11.38 ± 4.48 | 0.004 |
| PSQI | 4 (3–8) | 5 (4–7.5) | 0.169 |
| Oxygen desaturation index (1/h) | 8 (6–16) | 60.1 (29.9–84.4) | < 0.001 |
| Arousal index (1/h) | 26 (15.8–48.1) | 48.1 (32.1–63.5) | 0.002 |
| Central apnea index (1/h) | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 3.3 (0.95–7.7) | 0.002 |
| Obstructive apnea index (1/h) | 4.4 (3.0–7.0) | 22.65 (15.65–41.1) | < 0.001 |
| Hypopnea index (1/h) | 7.8 (5.6–12) | 19.8 (14.1–26.8) | < 0.001 |
Patients were grouped into mild to moderate (AHI at < 30/h, n = 29 patients) or severe OSAHS (AHI ≥ 30/h, n = 40 patients). Data are presented as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) unless otherwise stated. Differences between the two groups were considered significant at p < 0.05 (indicated in bold)