Table 1.
Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis
| Author (year) | Study population | Country | No. of patients Nor/Hypo/Hyper |
Defnition of Hypo/Hyper | Mean follow-up | Mean age (year) | Male % | Outcome | Adjusted variables | Quality score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iacoviello 2008 [28] | prospective | Italy | 304/34/NA | TSH > 5.5mIU/l/ NA |
15 mo | 64 | 77 | All-cause mortality | Age, sex, BMI, DM, NYHA, HR, hypertension, LVEF, GFR, NT-proBNP, medication | 4 |
| Frey 2013 [27] | INH study | Germany | 628/34/69 | TSH > 4.0 mIU/l/ TSH < 0.3 mIU/l |
37 mo | 68 | 71 | All-cause mortality | Age | 5 |
| Rhee 2013 [26] | NHANES III | United States | 410/54/NA | TSH > 4.7 mIU/l | 14.3 mo | 52.3 | 42.6 | All-cause mortality | Age, sex, race, DM, hypertention, hypercholesterolemia, stroke, MI, BMI, GFR, medication | 4 |
| Mitchell 2013 [25] | SCD-HeFT | United States | 1930/275/23 | TSH > 5.0 mIU/l/ THS < 0.3 mIU/l |
45.5 mo | 61.3 | 65 | All-cause mortality | Age, sex, DM, renal insufficiency, hypertension, LVEF, time since HF diagnosis, 6-min walk distance, medication | 6 |
| Azemi 2013 [24] | Clinical setting | United States | 243/102/26 | TSH > 5 mIU/l/ TSH < 0.4 mIU/l |
27.2 mo | 67 | 77.9 | All-cause mortality | Age, sex, TSH, LVEF, DM, primary indication for ICD implantation, medication | 5 |
| Deursen 2014 [23] | Observational survey | Italy | 2839/290/97 | NA/NA | 12.1 mo | 66 | 70 | All-cause mortality, hospilization | Age, sex, etiology, hypertension, AF, HR, body surface area, systolic blood pressure | 4 |
| Chen 2014 [22] | HMO cohort | Israel | 4490/916/193 | TSH > 4.5 mIU/l/ TSH < 0.45 mIU/l |
14.5 mo | 75 | 49 | All-cause mortality, cardiac death and hospitalization | Age, sex, DM, ischemic heart disease, hyperlipdaemia, hypertension, AF, BMI, log transformed pulse, log transformed serum urea levels, GFR, hemoglobin, serum sodium, medication | 7 |
| Perez 2014 [21] | CORONA | Europe | 4338/237/176 | TSH > 5.0 mIU/l/ TSH < 0.3 mIU/l |
32.8 mo | 72 | 77 | All-cause mortality, cardiac death and /or hospitalization | Age, sex, NYHA, LVEF, BMI, BP, HR, MI, smoking, angina pectoris, CABG, PCI, AA, hypertension, BM, AF, ICD, stroke, CPR, medication | 6 |
| Li 2014 [20] | Clinical setting | China | 816/79/68 | TSH > 5.5 mIU/l/ TSH < 0.35 mIU/l |
42 mo | 52.1 | 73.7 | All-cause mortality | Age, sex, hypertension, AF, drinking and smoking history, QRS duration, LVEF, FT3, T3, T4, NT-Pro-BNP, medication | 6 |
| Sharma 2015 [19] | Clinical setting | United States | 427/84/NA | TSH > 5.0 mIU/l | 36 mo | 68 | 77 | All-cause mortality, hospitalization | Sex, creatinine, DM, medication | 3 |
| Wang 2015 [18] | Clinical setting | China | 353/41/35 | TSH > 4.78 mIU/l/ TSH < 0.55 mIU/l |
17 mo | 51 | 71 | All-cause mortality | Age, sex, BP, NT-Pro BNP, LVEF, smoking, AF, DM, anemia, renal dysfuntion, NYHA, medication | 5 |
| Hayashi 2016 [17] | Clinical setting | Japan | 188/5/NA | TSH > 4.5 mIU/l | 26 mo | 70 | 57 | Cardiac death and hospitalization | Age, sex, LVEF, NT-Pro BNP, eGFR | 3 |
| Sato 2018 [16] | Clinical setting | Japan | 911/132/NA | TSH > 4.0 mIU/l | 36.6 mo | 68 | 57.4 | All-cause mortality, cardiac death and hospitalization | Age, sex, BMI, BP, HR, NYHA, DM, hypertension, anemia, chronic kidney disease, AF, smoking, LVEF, medication | 5 |
| Ro 2018 [15] | Clinical setting | United States | 349/25/NA | TSH > 4.7 mIU/l | 67 mo | 54.5 | 35 | hospitalization | Age, sex, BMI, race, ethnicity, DM, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, CAD, CVD | 4 |
AF atrial fibrillation, BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, CABG coronary artery bypass grafting, eGFR chronic heart failure, HR heart rate, ICD implantable cardioverter, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, MI myocardial infarction, NYHA New York Heart Association, NT-Pro BNP N-terminal of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide, CAD coronary artery disease, CVD cerebrovascular disease, DM diabetes mellitus