| Pleurodesis agent | Estimated rank (95% Cr‐I) |
| Talc poudrage | 1 (1, 8) |
| Talc slurry | 2 (1, 7) |
| Doxycycline | 3 (1, 8) |
| Bleomycin | 4 (2, 6) |
| Tetracycline | 5 (2, 8) |
| Triethylenethiophosphoramide | 6 (1, 9) |
| C. parvum | 7 (4, 9) |
| Mitoxantrone | 7 (1, 9) |
| Mepacrine | 8 (4, 9) |
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