Table 2. Weight Status and BMI Outcomes at Midpoint and End Point Among Participants in the One Healthy Breakfast Triala.
| Outcomeb | Incidence and Prevalence Estimates, % (No./Total No. of Participants) | Baseline | Midpoint | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Midpoint | End Point | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Primary Outcome | |||||||
| Incidence of overweight/obesity | NA | NA | NA | 1.38 (0.96 to 1.97) | .08 | 1.31 (0.85 to 2.02) | .22 |
| Intervention | NA | 9.3 (24/259) | 11.7 (24/205) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Control | NA | 6.6 (21/320) | 9.1 (24/263) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Secondary Outcomes | |||||||
| Incidence of obesity | NA | NA | NA | 2.17 (1.64 to 2.86) | NA | 2.43 (1.47 to 4.00) | NA |
| Intervention | NA | 7.1 (24/336) | 11.6 (31/268) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Control | NA | 4.3 (18/422) | 4.4 (15/342) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Prevalence of overweight/obesity | NA | NA | NA | 1.17 (0.92 to 1.49) | NA | 1.25 (0.99 to 1.59) | |
| Intervention | 37.4 (239/639) | 42.7 (186/436) | 44.9 (157/350) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Control | 40.5 (293/723) | 39.7 (215/542) | 40.4 (179/443) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Prevalence of obesity | NA | NA | NA | 1.09 (0.88 to 1.35) | NA | 1.46 (1.11 to 1.92) | NA |
| Intervention | 20.8 (133/639) | 25.2 (110/436) | 28.0 (98/350) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Control | 21.9 (158/723) | 23.6 (128/542) | 21.2 (94/443) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Mean (SD) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | |||||
| BMI z score | NA | NA | NA | 0.03 (−0.11 to 0.17) | NA | 0.07 (−0.07 to 0.22) | NA |
| Intervention | 0.58 (1.15) | 0.70 (1.13) | 0.77 (1.14) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Control | 0.65 (1.12) | 0.69 (1.13) | 0.70 (1.09) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; NA, not applicable.
a
All models account for within-school clustering and were adjusted by paired stratification of randomization. Incidence was defined as new cases from baseline at each follow-up time point. P values are presented for primary outcome only.
b
Weight categories of overweight and obesity were based on age- and sex-specific BMI percentiles (overweight: ≥85th to <95th percentile; obesity, ≥95th percentile).