Table 3. Causes of Mortality.
| Cause of Mortality | No. (%) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DCC (n = 206) | ICC (n = 478) | ||
| Respiratory | 64 (31.1) | 121 (25.3) | .12 |
| Severe RDS | 14 (6.8) | 12 (2.5) | .007 |
| PPHN | 15 (7.3) | 23 (4.8) | .20 |
| Pulmonary hemorrhage | 13 (6.3) | 27 (5.7) | .74 |
| Pulmonary hypoplasia | 9 (4.4) | 20 (4.2) | .91 |
| Severe BPD | 7 (3.4) | 25 (5.2) | .30 |
| Other | 6 (2.9) | 14 (2.9) | .99 |
| Late-onset sepsis | 42 (20.4) | 76 (15.9) | .15 |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | 36 (17.5) | 83 (17.4) | .97 |
| NEC stage ≥2 | 31 (15.1) | 77 (16.1) | .73 |
| Spontaneous intestinal perforation | 4 (1.9) | 5 (1.1) | .46 |
| Other | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.2) | .51 |
| Severe neurological injurya | 22 (10.7) | 93 (19.5) | .005 |
| Extreme prematurity | 21 (10.2) | 56 (11.7) | .56 |
| Refractory hypotension | 5 (2.4) | 8 (1.7) | .55 |
| Multiorgan failure | 6 (2.9) | 9 (1.9) | .40 |
| Other | 10 (4.9) | 32 (6.7) | .36 |
Abbreviations: BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; DCC, deferred cord clamping; ICC, immediate cord clamping; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; PPHN, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome.
a
Severe neurological injury includes intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3 and greater with or without persistent periventricular echogenicity.