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. 2019 Mar 31;26(1):443–458. doi: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1574935

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

Cell viability and investigation of PTX course of action on HeLa cells. (a) Cytotoxicity profile of HeLa cells after continuous treatment with the formulations for 48h or 4 + 44h in serum-complete medium. Empty PEIPOS consists of formulations without PTX used at the same lipid concentration as those containing PTX. Data shown indicate triplicate mean ± SD from a blinded experiment. *p < .05, ***p < .0005, ****p < .0001, two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. (b) Immunofluorescent detection of liposomal PTX-mediated? -tubulin polymerization on HeLa cells. Nuclei of the cells were stained with Hoechst (magenta), and? -tubulin structures stained green. (c-f) LSC analysis of HeLa cells treated with different formulations and for different time points. (c) and (d) Cell cycle distribution depending on the gating outlined in figure S2a for different time points, treatments, and PTX concentrations. (e) and (f) Analysis of the cells at their different stages indicated by the nuclei staining with Hoechst, early apoptotic cell staining with YoPro and necrotic cell staining with PI. Scale bars = 20 µm.