Table 2. Profile of protein changes during pregnancy in blood for PE.

Protein name	First Trimester	Second Trimester	Third Trimester
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin	UP	-	UP [1,2]
Clusterin	UP	-	UP[3]
Fibrinogen Gamma Chain	UP	UP	UP
Fibronectin 1	UP[10]	-	UP[4–9]
Ceruloplasmin	-	-	UP[11–16]
Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein	-	-	UP
Hemoglobin Subunit Beta	-	-	UP
Fibrinogen Alpha Chain	DOWN	UP	UP
Fibrinogen Beta Chain	DOWN	UP	UP
Hemopexin	UP	-	DOWN[17–19]
Serum Albumin	-	-	DOWN[20]
Pregnancy-Zone Protein	-	DOWN	DOWN
Gelsolin	-	DOWN	DOWN[21]

Based on presence in 5 or more datasets across all biological samples, the 19 differentially expressed proteins were examined in blood only, across all trimesters. Proteins with consistent direction of change compared to normal pregnancy, irrespective of the number of datasets in which they were present are shown. Superscript numerals indicate the studies that validated particular proteins using non-proteomics techniques and their references are provided. References in table: [1] Espana et al. 1991,[2] Catarino et al. 2012, [3] Shin et al. 2008, [4] Powers et al. 2008, [5] Paternoster et al. 1996, [6] Aydin et al. 2004, [7] Ostlund et al. 2001, [8] Shaarawy et al. 1998, [9] Dogan et al. 2014, [10] Madazli et al. 2005, [11] Niolic et al. 2016, [12] Engin-Unstun et al. 2005, [13] Griffin et al. 1983, [14] Fattah et al. 1976, [15] Guller et al. 2008, [16] Vitoratos et al. 1999, [17] Bakker et al. 2007, [18] Anderson et al. 2018, [19] Gram et al. 2015, [20] Dai et al. 2016, [21] Nadkarni et al. 2016. Abbreviations: UP or DOWN refer to up- or down-regulated expression respectively.