Figure 4. Neural responses to identity PEs are independent of perceptual similarity.
Parameter estimates for identity PEs during within- and between-category reversals (left) and US-evoked responses for trials before, during, and after within- and between-category reversals (right), in a priori ROIs of (A) midbrain, (B) posterior OFC, (C) PC, and (D) amygdala. Arrows indicate reversal trial. Error bars represent SEM. Time by reversal type repeated measures ANOVAs on US-evoked fMRI responses (right) in all ROIs showed a main effect of time (midbrain, F(4, 72)=6.36, p=0.0005; posterior OFC, F(4, 72)=5.08, p=0.006; PC, F(4, 72)=4.71, p=0.003; amygdala, F(4, 72)=6.92, p=0.001), no main of effect reversal type (midbrain, F(1, 18)=1.96, p=0.179; posterior OFC, F(1, 18)=0.09, p=0.767; PC, F(1, 18)=0.91, p=0.352; amygdala, F(1, 18)=0.57, p=0.461), and, except in PC (F(4, 72)=2.91, p=0.048), no interaction between time and type (midbrain, F(4, 72)=0.144, p=0.933; posterior OFC, F(4, 72)=0.66, p=0.583; amygdala, F(4, 72)=0.79, p=0.507).