Fig. 8. DBP induces low sperm motility and reduces sperm flagellum-related genes expression.

a–c The number of sperms (a) and the percentages of motile sperm (b) and progressive sperm (c) in offsprings in the administration of DBP treatment, SC79 treatment, or MK-2206 treatment in the embryonic period. d Mean-centered, hierarchical clustering of all genes altered in DBP administration rats. e The classification of enriched pathway in the RNA sequencing results. f Mean-centered, hierarchical clustering of sperm flagellum-related genes in DBP administration rats. g Expression of sperm flagellum-related genes in DBP administration group were detected by qRT-PCR analysis. h Gene GO terms significantly enriched in the DBP stimulation gene subsets. All measurements are shown as the means ± SD from three independent experiments, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01, ****p < 0.001, NS, not significant