Table 1.
Baseline subject characteristics.
| Total | Probiotic (n = 30) | Placebo (n = 35) | *p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 43.32 ± 12.9 | 41.7 ± 12.49 | 44.71 ± 13.31 | 0.36 |
| Male patients (%) | 33 (48.5%) | 15/32 (47%) | 18/36 (50%) | 0.81 |
| Weight (kg) | 82.23 (79.6) | 81.79 ± 13.56 | 82.61 (79.3) | 0.90 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.08 (29) | 30.05 (28.8) | 30.11 (29.1) | 0.94 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 198.8 ± 37.5 | 201.27 ± 33.78 | 196.69 ± 40.83 | 0.62 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 179.5 (147) | 187.37 (152) | 172.8 (140) | 0.20 |
| HDL-Cholesterol | 47.0 (43) | 46.6 (43) | 47.371 (48) | 0.64 |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 105.87 (93) | 112.7 (92.5) | 100.02 (93) | 0.82 |
| AST (U/L) | 32.72 (26) | 33.57 (27) | 32 (23) | 0.74 |
| ALT (U/L) | 41.48 (31) | 41.13 (31.5) | 41.77 (28) | 0.68 |
| Insulin (μU/ml) | 14.75 (10.2) | 17.05 (10.15) | 12.77 (10.2) | 0.70 |
| Total fat area (cm2) | 34656.4 (33058.2) | 33734.4 (31505.6) | 35446.7 ± 9108.9 | 0.32 |
| Visceral fat area (cm2) | 15268.3 (14846.8) | 14612.4 (14793.4) | 15830.4 ± 5865.65 | 0.36 |
| Muscle mass (kg) | 48.4 (46.7) | 48.12 ± 10.54 | 48.73 ± 11.80 | 0.83 |
| Total fat mass (kg) | 30.91 (29.1) | 30.78 (29.5) | 31.03 (28.7) | 0.74 |
| Total fat (%) | 37.57 ± 7.12 | 37.89 ± 6.72 | 37.3 ± 7.53 | 0.74 |
| Visceral fat (grade) | 14.18 ± 4.18 | 14.07 ± 3.78 | 14.28 ± 4.54 | 0.84 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.95 ± 0.056 | 0.95 ± 0.057 | 0.96 ± 0.05 | 0.42 |
| CAP score | 311.43 (313) | 313.67 (319.5) | 309.51 ± 47.60 | 0.30 |
| Liver fat fraction (%) | 15.00 (13.9) | 16.25 (14.95) | 13.93 (11.6) | 0.25 |
Mean ± standard deviation is presented for normally distributed variables, and median (interquartile range) for non-normally distributed variables. BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; CAP, controlled attenuation parameter; *p < 0.05 by t-test and chi-square test.