Figure 2.

Expression of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory factors in biopsies from healthy volunteers and ulcerative colitis patients. The ‘healthy’ groups include subjects with no history (Hx) of ulcerative colitis (‘C’) and subjects who had previously had ulcerative colitis, but were in long‐term remission (more than 4 years). Pro‐inflammatory markers such as TNF‐α, COX‐2 and IFN‐γ were significantly elevated in the patients with active (Act) colitis. Anti‐inflammatory markers such as PGD₂ and the DP₁ receptor (DP1) were significantly elevated in patients in long‐term remission. *P < 0.05 versus controls. This figure was constructed from previously published data (Vong et al., 2010).