Table 4.
Results of competing-risks hazard regression model for vertical transmission of HIV among children by 24 months
| Characteristics | Adjusted hazard ratio | p-value | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age of mother at pregnancy | ||||
| < 20 (Reference) | 1.00 | |||
| 20–24 | 2.55 | 0.139 | 0.74 | 8.84 |
| 25–29 | 2.30 | 0.195 | 0.65 | 8.12 |
| 30+ | 6.98 | 0.006 | 1.73 | 28.16 |
| Education of mother | ||||
| Illiterate (Reference) | 1.00 | |||
| Primary school | 1.02 | 0.970 | 0.38 | 2.70 |
| Above primary school | 0.94 | 0.877 | 0.40 | 2.19 |
| Working status of mother | ||||
| Not working (Reference) | 1.00 | |||
| Working | 0.87 | 0.775 | 0.34 | 2.23 |
| Know HIV positive status prior to pregnancy | ||||
| No (Reference) | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 0.78 | 0.594 | 0.32 | 1.92 |
| Status of ART initiation by mother | ||||
| Not on ART (Reference) | 1.00 | |||
| Started ART more than 90 days prior to delivery | 2.31 | 0.053 | 0.99 | 5.38 |
| Started ART within 90 days prior to delivery | 0.65 | 0.486 | 0.20 | 2.16 |
| Started ART after delivery | 0.44 | 0.342 | 0.08 | 2.38 |
| Sex of the child | ||||
| Girl (Reference) | 1.00 | |||
| Boy | 1.20 | 0.607 | 0.60 | 2.38 |
| Status of Nevirapine administration | ||||
| None given Nevirapine (Reference) | 1.00 | |||
| Both, mother and child given Nevirapine | 0.25 | 0.002 | 0.10 | 0.61 |
| Any one given Nevirapine | 0.12 | 0.003 | 0.03 | 0.49 |
| Duration of breastfeeding | ||||
| Not breastfed (Reference) | 1.00 | |||
| 1–26 weeks | 4.34 | 0.005 | 1.55 | 12.16 |
| Above 26 weeks | 5.28 | 0.003 | 1.75 | 15.90 |
| Mode of delivery | ||||
| Vaginal (Reference) | 1.00 | |||
| Caesarean | 0.20 | 0.125 | 0.03 | 1.56 |