Table 1.
Age-standardized disability prevalence (age 30–79) in 28 European countries by gender and survey (European Health Interview Survey 2006–2009; European Social Survey 2008, 2010, 2012; European Union Statistics on Income and Living conditions 2008, 2012) and adjusted risk ratios comparing prevalence estimates between surveys
| Prevalence (%)a | Adjusted Risk Ratios (ARRs)b | Prevalencea | Adjusted Risk Ratios (ARRs)b | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EU-SILC | EHIS | ESS | EHIS versus EU-SILC | ESS versus EU-SILC | ESS versus EHIS | EU-SILC | EHIS | ESS | EHIS versus EU-SILC | ESS versus EU-SILC | ESS versus EHIS | ||
| Males | Females | ||||||||||||
| Finland | 29 | – | 33 | – | 1.10 | – | Finland | 32 | – | 32 | – | 0.96 | – |
| Sweden | 13 | – | 25 | – | 1.8 | – | Sweden | 19 | – | 28 | – | 1.49 | – |
| Norway | 11 | – | 24 | – | 2.02 | – | Norway | 18 | – | 29 | – | 1.58 | – |
| Denmark | 24 | – | 23 | – | 0.97 | – | Denmark | 29 | – | 29 | – | 1.02 | – |
| UK | 19 | – | 24 | – | 1.21 | – | UK | 22 | – | 26 | – | 1.15 | – |
| Ireland | 19 | – | 18 | – | 0.92 | – | Ireland | 20 | – | 15 | – | 0.77 | – |
| Netherlands | 23 | – | 21 | – | 0.9 | – | Netherlands | 31 | – | 30 | – | 0.95 | – |
| Belgium | 20 | 19 | 23 | 0.92 | 1.11 | 1.21 | Belgium | 23 | 24 | 26 | 0.93 | 1.09 | 1.07 |
| Germany | 33 | – | 30 | – | 0.91 | – | Germany | 33 | – | 30 | – | 0.87 | – |
| Austria | 28 | 34 | – | 1.19 | – | – | Austria | 28 | 35 | – | 1.22 | – | – |
| Switzerland | 21 | – | 17 | – | 0.95 | – | Switzerland | 24 | – | 20 | – | 0.85 | – |
| France | 22 | 24 | 23 | 1.09 | 1.03 | 0.95 | France | 23 | 27 | 24 | 1.11 | 0.99 | 0.89 |
| Spain | 20 | 21 | 12 | 1.04 | 0.62 | 0.59 | Spain | 23 | 28 | 18 | 1.18 | 0.81 | 0.68 |
| Portugal | 23 | – | 14 | – | 0.6 | – | Portugal | 29 | – | 17 | – | 0.62 | – |
| Italy | 24 | – | 16 | – | 0.71 | – | Italy | 27 | – | 18 | – | 0.71 | – |
| Greece | 17 | 17 | 10 | 0.97 | 0.6 | 0.61 | Greece | 20 | 26 | 16 | 1.21 | 0.82 | 0.67 |
| Cyprus | 21 | 18 | 16 | 0.89 | 0.78 | 0.88 | Cyprus | 23 | 22 | 22 | 1 | 0.99 | 0.98 |
| Slovenia | 29 | 36 | 30 | 1.21 | 1.03 | 0.85 | Slovenia | 31 | 41 | 30 | 1.28 | 0.95 | 0.74 |
| Croatia | 21 | – | 28 | – | 1.25 | – | Croatia | 21 | – | 24 | – | 1.12 | – |
| Czech Rep. | 21 | 30 | 26 | 1.37 | 1.23 | 0.9 | Czech Rep. | 22 | 30 | 32 | 1.29 | 1.4 | 1.09 |
| Slovakia | 35 | 42 | 24 | 1.21 | 0.7 | 0.57 | Slovakia | 39 | 47 | 27 | 1.19 | 0.72 | 0.62 |
| Hungary | 26 | 40 | 29 | 1.47 | 1.08 | 0.74 | Hungary | 28 | 45 | 30 | 1.46 | 1.03 | 0.7 |
| Poland | 23 | 27 | 28 | 1.13 | 1.2 | 1.06 | Poland | 23 | 28 | 31 | 1.17 | 1.26 | 1.08 |
| Bulgaria | 15 | 20 | 14 | 1.36 | 0.91 | 0.67 | Bulgaria | 16 | 25 | 16 | 1.53 | 1.01 | 0.66 |
| Romania | 21 | 22 | 17 | 1.05 | 0.77 | 0.74 | Romania | 26 | 29 | 21 | 1.06 | 0.76 | 0.71 |
| Latvia | 30 | 47 | 36 | 1.51 | 1.19 | 0.79 | Latvia | 31 | 51 | 41 | 1.46 | 1.26 | 0.87 |
| Lithuania | 24 | – | 31 | – | 1.29 | – | Lithuania | 25 | – | 39 | – | 1.41 | – |
| Estonia | 32 | 38 | 26 | 1.14 | 0.8 | 0.7 | Estonia | 31 | 41 | 24 | 1.2 | 0.76 | 0.64 |
| Total | 23 | 27 | 23 | 1.29 | 0.97 | 0.75 | 26 | 31 | 26 | 1.30 | 0.97 | 0.75 | |
aPrevalence rates were standardized using the 2013 European Standard population
bThe risk ratios are derived after fitting logistic regressions using the post-estimation command adjrr in STATA. The models are stratified by country and include age and survey as covariates. The ARRs are derived from the survey coefficients. All models include robust standard errors. Prevalences with 95% CIs are included in Table A2 in ESM. Significant values in bold (p < 0.05)