Table 2.
Studies evaluating the effect of topical isoflavone on the skin in postmenopausal women
| Study group | Treatment group (n) | N | Treatment length | Treatment Location | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bayerl and Keil, 2002 | Creams that contain phytoestrogens (0.0075% or 0.015% isoflavone) | 234 | 12 weeks | Neck, face, upper arm | - Improved skin dryness⁎ and roughness⁎ - Reduction in facial wrinkles⁎ and skin looseness⁎ |
| Moraes et al., 2009 | Gel with isoflavones (genistein 4%) | 18 | 24 weeks | Face | Increase in epidermal thickness⁎ and number of vessels⁎, fibroblasts, and dermal papillae |
| Patriarca et al., 2013 | 4% genistein gel | 15 | 24 weeks | Face | Increase in hyaluronic acid concentration⁎ |
| Silva et al., 2017 | 4% genistein gel | 15 | 24 weeks | Face | Increase in types I and III collagen production⁎ |
⁎
Statistical significance of at least p < .05.