Table 5.
Prospective associations between predicted shifts in probability of a child belonging to a category of weight status at follow-up and changes in the parent report of food/beverage availability and child dietary intake frequency from baseline to follow-up (n 424)*; kindergarten American-Indian children, Bright Start school-based obesity prevention trial, South Dakota, USA
| Predicted probability of child weight status at follow-up | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal weight | Overweight | Obese | |||||
| Probability at the mean change of predictor (%)† | Change in probability for 1 sd higher change in predictor (%)‡ | Probability at the mean change of predictor (%)† | Change in probability for 1 sd higher change in predictor (%)‡ | Probability at the mean change of predictor (%)† | Change in probability for 1 sd higher change in predictor (%)‡ | P value§ | |
| Food/beverage availability∥ | |||||||
| Sweet snacks¶ | 0·050 | ||||||
| Normal weight at baseline | 80·0 | −5·3 | 17·3 | 4·3 | 2·6 | 0·9 | |
| Overweight at baseline | 8·5 | −2·1 | 37·6 | −5·3 | 53·8 | 7·3 | |
| Obese at baseline | 1·2 | −0·3 | 9·0 | −2·2 | 89·7 | 2·5 | |
| Unhealthful food score** | 0·176 | ||||||
| Normal weight at baseline | 79·8 | −3·5 | 17·3 | 3·0 | 2·7 | 0·6 | |
| Overweight at baseline | 8·5 | −1·5 | 37·1 | −3·6 | 54·3 | 5·1 | |
| Obese at baseline | 1·3 | −0·3 | 9·5 | −1·7 | 89·1 | 1·9 | |
| Dietary intake frequency | |||||||
| Fruits†† | 0·123 | ||||||
| Normal weight at baseline | 81·9 | −3·4 | 15·6 | 2·8 | 2·3 | 0·6 | |
| Overweight at baseline | 9·8 | −1·7 | 39·5 | −3·6 | 50·6 | 5·3 | |
| Obese at baseline | 1·5 | −0·3 | 10·7 | −1·8 | 87·6 | 2·2 | |
| 100 % fruit juice | 0·151 | ||||||
| Normal weight at baseline | 82·7 | −2·9 | 14·9 | 2·5 | 2·2 | 0·5 | |
| Overweight at baseline | 9·9 | −1·6 | 39·8 | −3·2 | 50·1 | 4·8 | |
| Obese at baseline | 1·6 | −0·3 | 11·3 | −1·7 | 86·9 | 2.1 | |
Sample size may slightly vary in each analysis due to incidental missing data; all analyses were adjusted for baseline child age, gender, parent BMI, baseline predictors, age difference, study condition and relative socio-economic status (specific to the Bright Start population).
At the mean level of each predictor.
Predicted shifts in probability of a child belonging to a category of weight status at follow-up conditional on initial category; comparing a child in a family for which availability or intake increases from baseline to follow-up by 1 sd above average v. the probability for a child in a family with just average change.
The P value indicates the level of significance between the explanatory variable and the outcome (child weight status).
Response categories for each item included ‘No = 0’ and ‘Yes = 1’. Items in the food and beverage categories were summed to calculate the total number.
Sweet snacks include cake, cookies, pies, ice cream, doughnuts, sweet rolls, Pop-tarts, muffins and candy.
Unhealthful foods include fruit drinks, regular pop, Kool-Aid, sports drinks, French fries, potato chips, cookies, snack cakes, doughnuts, candy, lunch meat, fried chicken and pizza.
Fruits include apples or apple sauce, bananas, oranges, peaches, pears, fruit cocktail, raisins and other fruits.