Table 1.

Clinical studies using CO₂ lasers for vaginal rejuvenation

Study	Results
Salvatore et al., Climacteric 2015 77 patients, menopausal	Significant improvement in FSFI scores (14.8–27.2) 17 patients inactive; normal sex life
Gaspar et al., Am J Cosmet Surg 2011 CO2 + PRP + PFE	Significant reduction in sexual discomfort
Filippini et al., Photomed Laser Surg 2017 386 patients, postmenopausal	Effective in treating vaginal epithelium and dyspareunia due to atrophy
Perino et al., Maturitas 2015 48 patients, postmenopausal	Confirmed safety, efficacy, satisfaction in reducing VVA symptoms
Pieralli et al., Arch Gynecol Obstet 2016 50 patients (41–66 years)	VHI score: 8.9–21.6 (< 15 VVA) VAS: statistics improvement in dyspareunia 52% satisfied at 11 months

CO₂, carbon dioxide; FSFI, Female Sexual Functional Index; VAS, visual analog scale; VHI, vaginal health index; VVA, vulvovaginal atrophy