Table 4. Virucidal and bactericidal efficacies of GSE in the sprayed method.

Pathogen			AIV		NDV		SI		EC
Spray distance (cm)			1	30	1	30	1	30	1	30
Positive Control			6.00 ± 0.11a)	6.58 ± 0.08	6.50 ± 0.00	7.25 ± 0.00	7.11 ± 0.01	6.60 ± 0.00	8.03 ± 0.20	6.86 ± 0.01
Titer / number of colonies	×100	0 secb)	6.50 ± 0.00	4.83 ± 0.31	6.50 ± 0.00	7.00 ± 0.12	7.29 ± 0.04	6.58 ± 0.01	7.45 ± 0.07	6.87 ± 0.02
		5 sec	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	2.58 ± 0.04	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00
		10 sec	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00
		30 sec	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00
	×500	0 sec	5.33 ± 0.33	5.83 ± 0.31	6.75 + 0.00	6.75 ± 0.00	7.20 ± 0.00	6.88 ± 0.16	7.34 ± 0.02	6.88 ± 0.01
		5 sec	4.83 ± 0.10	3.83 ± 0.31	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00
		10 sec	4.66 ± 0.20	4.08 ± 0.08	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00
		30 sec	2.91 ± 0.14	3.16 ± 0.31	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00
	×1,000	0 sec	5.33 ± 0.33	5.66 ± 0.27	6.75 ± 0.00	7.13 ± 0.06	7.29 ± 0.04	6.90 ± 0.15	7.49 ± 0.05	6.86 ± 0.01
		5 sec	4.83 ± 0.33	5.50 ± 0.24	2.83 ± 0.16	<2.50 ± 0.00	2.93 ± 0.16	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00
		10 sec	5.00 ± 0.27	5.33 ± 0.31	2.58 ± 0.04	<2.50 ± 0.00	3.37 ± 0.18	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00
		30 sec	5.00 ± 0.24	4.83 ± 0.08	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.50 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00	<2.60 ± 0.00

a) Virus titer or colony counts are shown in log₁₀, b) Reaction time. Data are expressed as the mean of three experiments ± standard deviation.