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. 2018 Sep 15;68(8):1402–1405. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy803

Table 1.

Temporal Trends in Hepatitis C Virus Testing Coverage in the US Household Population, National Health Interview Survey, 2013–2017

Characteristic, by Birth Cohort 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2013 vs 2017, Adjusted Prevalence Difference (95% CI)b
% (95% CI) % (95% CI) % (95% CI) % (95% CI) % (95% CI) P trend a
Non-baby Boomers (1966–1994)
Total 13.2 (12.5–14.0) 13.6 (12.9–14.4) 14.0 (13.2–14.8) 15.7 (14.8–16.6) 16.8 (15.9–17.8) <.001 3.1 (1.9, 4.3)
Birth year
1985–1994 10.6 (9.4–11.8) 11.8 (10.7–13.1) 11.1 (10.1–12.3) 14.4 (13.1–15.8) 15.7 (14.3–17.3) <.001 4.4 (2.4, 6.3)
1975–1984 15.6 (14.5–16.9) 16.2 (14.9–17.7) 17.1 (15.8–18.5) 17.3 (15.8–18.8) 17.5 (16.0–19.1) .040 1.6 (-0.4, 3.5)
1966–1974 13.6 (12.4–15.0) 12.9 (11.7–14.1) 14.1 (12.7–15.5) 15.3 (13.9–16.8) 17.4 (15.8–19.1) <.001 3.2 (1.2, 5.2)
Sex
Female 13.3 (12.4–14.3) 13.3 (12.4–14.3) 14.0 (13.0–15.2) 16.0 (14.9–17.2) 16.7 (15.5–17.9) <.001 2.9 (1.4, 4.4)
Male 13.1 (12.1–14.3) 13.9 (12.8–15.1) 14.0 (12.9–15.2) 15.3 (14.1–16.6) 17.0 (15.7–18.5) <.001 3.1 (1.4, 4.8)
Race/ethnicity
NH white 14.6 (13.6–15.7) 15.4 (14.4–16.4) 15.0 (13.9–16.0) 17.3 (16.2–18.5) 18.4 (17.3–19.5) <.001 3.4 (1.9, 4.9)
NH black 13.2 (11.6–15.1) 13.7 (12.0–15.6) 14.8 (12.6–17.2) 14.9 (12.7–17.5) 17.3 (15.0–20.0) .008 3.1 (0.2, 6.1)
NH Asian 10.3 (7.7–13.6) 11.3 (8.8–14.2) 12.6 (10.2–15.6) 12.5 (9.9–15.7) 13.2 (10.6–16.3) .139 2.5 (-1.8, 6.8)
Hispanic 10.1 (8.9–11.5) 9.4 (8.2–10.7) 11.0 (9.5–12.7) 12.0 (10.1–14.2) 13.5 (11.6–15.5) .001 1.9 (-0.3, 4.0)
NH other/multiracial 13.6 (9.0–20.0) 9.6 (5.5–16.4) 19.7 (14.0–26.8) 21.6 (14.4–31.1) 15.5 (10.1–23.1) .204 2.4 (-6.6, 11.5)
Educational attainment
Less than high school 10.5 (8.6–12.6) 7.5 (6.0–9.2) 11.1 (9.2–13.5) 11.4 (9.1–14.1) 13.1 (10.5–16.1) .017 1.7 (-1.2, 4.6)
High school or GED 11.2 (9.9–12.6) 11.4 (10.1–12.9) 12.4 (10.8–14.2) 13.5 (11.9–15.4) 13.0 (11.4–14.8) .024 1.1 (-1.1, 3.2)
Some college or more 14.6 (13.6–15.6) 15.6 (14.6–16.6) 15.0 (14.1–16.0) 17.1 (16.0–18.2) 18.6 (17.4–19.9) <.001 4.0 (2.4, 5.5)
Family health insurancec
Private 13.5 (12.5–14.5) 13.7 (12.7–14.7) 13.4 (12.5–14.4) 15.0 (14.0–16.0) 16.6 (15.5–17.8) <.001 2.9 (1.4, 4.4)
Military 26.2 (20.0–33.4) 29.5 (22.3–38.0) 24.7 (19.1–31.2) 35.7 (29.2–42.6) 32.6 (25.5–40.7) .093 2.4 (-6.6, 11.4)
Public/Government 15.9 (13.9–18.1) 16.0 (14.0–18.2) 18.4 (16.2–20.8) 18.6 (16.4–21.1) 21.0 (18.6–23.6) .001 5.0 (1.8, 8.1)
Uninsured 10.2 (9.0–11.5) 10.7 (9.3–12.1) 11.0 (9.5–12.9) 11.9 (9.9–14.1) 11.0 (9.2–13.1) .253 1.3 (-0.9, 3.6)
Census region
Northeast 13.7 (12.0–15.7) 12.3 (10.6–14.3) 16.3 (14.1–18.8) 16.6 (14.7–18.8) 19.6 (17.2–22.3) <.001 4.9 (2.0, 7.8)
Midwest 11.8 (10.2–13.6) 12.1 (10.6–13.8) 11.7 (10.2–13.4) 13.6 (11.9–15.5) 14.7 (13.2–16.4) .008 2.6 (0.4, 4.8)
South 13.1 (12.0–14.4) 14.2 (12.9–15.5) 14.5 (13.2–15.9) 15.7 (14.3–17.2) 15.6 (14.1–17.3) .006 2.2 (0.2, 4.2)
West 14.5 (12.8–16.3) 15.1 (13.6–16.7) 14.0 (12.6–15.5) 16.6 (14.8–18.6) 18.6 (16.8–20.6) .001 3.5 (1.0, 5.9)
Born in the US
No 9.5 (8.2–11.0) 9.5 (8.3–10.9) 11.3 (9.8–13.0) 11.7 (10.1–13.6) 13.2 (11.2–15.4) .001 2.6 (1.8, 4.9)
Yes 14.2 (13.4–15.1) 14.8 (13.8–15.7) 14.8 (13.9–15.7) 16.8 (15.8–17.9) 17.9 (16.8–19.0) <.001 3.2 (1.8, 4.5)
Baby Boomers (1945–1965)
Total 12.3 (11.5–13.1) 12.4 (11.6–13.2) 13.4 (12.5–14.4) 14.5 (13.7–15.4) 17.3 (16.4–18.4) <.001 4.5 (3.3, 5.8)
Birth year
1955–1965 13.4 (12.3–14.6) 13.3 (12.1–14.4) 14.7 (13.4–16.0) 15.9 (14.7–17.1) 18.8 (17.5–20.2) <.001 4.7 (3.1, 6.4)
1945–1954 10.7 (9.6–11.9) 11.2 (10.2–12.4) 11.6 (10.4–12.8) 12.7 (11.6–13.9) 15.2 (13.8–16.7) <.001 4.0 (2.3, 5.8)
Sex
Female 11.1 (10.1–12.3) 10.9 (9.8–12.0) 11.7 (10.6–12.8) 13.1 (12.0–14.2) 16.1 (14.8–17.5) <.001 4.2 (2.6, 5.8)
Male 13.5 (12.3–14.8) 14.1 (12.9–15.4) 15.3 (13.9–16.8) 16.1 (14.9–17.5) 18.7 (17.3–20.2) <.001 4.5 (2.7, 6.3)
Race/ethnicity
NH white 12.4 (11.5–13.4) 12.6 (11.7–13.7) 13.5 (12.5–14.6) 14.7 (13.8–15.8) 18.0 (16.8–19.1) <.001 4.9 (3.4, 6.3)
NH black 12.6 (10.7–14.7) 12.9 (10.9–15.2) 14.4 (12.0–17.3) 16.5 (13.9–19.5) 18.1 (15.3–21.3) <.001 4.8 (1.4, 8.3)
NH Asian 10.1 (7.4–13.7) 10.2 (7.4–13.8) 11.9 (8.4–16.5) 9.0 (5.8–13.9) 11.5 (7.8–16.5) .821 1.5 (-3.5, 6.5)
Hispanic 11.5 (9.3–14.0) 11.3 (9.4–13.7) 11.1 (9.1–13.5) 13.0 (10.0–16.6) 14.1 (11.2–17.5) .135 1.6 (-2.0, 5.2)
NH other/multiracial 19.5 (12.1–29.9) 13.3 (7.4–22.8) 27.7 (18.3–39.7) 22.0 (14.3–32.2) 27.2 (18.1–38.8) .138 6.7 (-6.1, 19.5)
Educational attainment
Less than high school 9.3 (7.7–11.2) 9.5 (7.7–11.6) 10.8 (8.8–13.2) 11.9 (9.7–14.5) 13.9 (11.5–16.8) .001 3.8 (0.7, 6.8)
High school or GED 8.9 (7.4–10.5) 9.8 (8.5–11.2) 10.4 (8.8–12.2) 11.9 (10.4–13.5) 13.8 (12.1–15.7) <.001 4.3 (1.9, 6.6)
Some college or more 14.4 (13.4–15.5) 14.1 (13.0–15.3) 15.1 (13.9–16.4) 16.2 (15.0–17.4) 19.5 (18.2–20.8) <.001 4.5 (2.9, 6.1)
Family health insurancec
Private 11.4 (10.4–12.4) 11.1 (10.2–12.2) 12.1 (11.1–13.3) 13.5 (12.5–14.5) 16.8 (15.6–18.0) <.001 4.9 (3.4, 6.3)
Military 24.3 (20.2–28.9) 23.9 (19.6–28.7) 20.8 (16.1–26.4) 27.9 (23.3–33.0) 31.6 (25.7–38.2) .023 7.2 (0.3, 14.0)
Public/Government 13.7 (12.0–15.6) 13.2 (11.6–15.0) 16.1 (14.3–18.1) 14.4 (13.0–16.0) 18.3 (16.4–20.5) .001 4.4 (1.7, 7.0)
Uninsured 11.1 (9.2–13.4) 11.6 (9.3–14.5) 11.1 (8.4–14.6) 15.3 (11.9–19.6) 9.2 (6.8–12.3) .869 -2.1 (-6.1, 1.9)
Census region
Northeast 10.3 (8.6–12.2) 11.5 (9.7–13.6) 11.4 (9.4–13.6) 15.4 (13.5–17.5) 17.4 (15.3–19.7) <.001 6.9 (4.2, 9.7)
Midwest 9.8 (8.5–11.3) 8.8 (7.3–10.6) 10.4 (8.6–12.6) 12.4 (10.8–14.2) 16.6 (14.6–18.7) <.001 5.6 (3.4, 7.8)
South 12.8 (11.5–14.3) 13.1 (11.9–14.4) 14.2 (12.8–15.8) 14.6 (13.2–16.0) 15.9 (14.4–17.7) .001 2.6 (0.5, 4.8)
West 15.5 (13.8–17.3) 15.9 (14.2–17.9) 16.7 (14.7–18.9) 15.9 (14.0–18.0) 20.4 (18.3–22.8) .004 3.6 (0.9, 6.3)
Born in the US
No 11.2 (9.4–13.2) 10.2 (8.5–12.1) 11.2 (9.3–13.4) 11.2 (9.1–13.8) 11.9 (9.8–14.5) .458 0.0 (-2.9, 2.9)
Yes 12.5 (11.6–13.4) 12.8 (11.9–13.8) 13.8 (12.9–14.9) 15.2 (14.3–16.1) 18.4 (17.3–19.5) <.001 5.2 (3.8, 6.5)

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; GED, General Educational Development; NH, non-Hispanic.

aEstimated by weighted linear regression across the 5 surveys (2013–2017).

bReflects the difference in the adjusted predicted margins of hepatitis C virus testing coverage in 2013 (reference) and 2017. The weighted multivariable logistic regression model for non-baby boomers and baby boomers included adjustment for birth year, sex, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, type of family health insurance coverage, census region, and birthplace. Estimates in bold were statistically significant (P < .05).

cType of family health insurance coverage is a hierarchical variable divided into ordered categories as shown from top to bottom (ie, persons who reported private insurance and military insurance were coded as having private insurance). Uninsured individuals reported no coverage or only single service coverage at the time of the interview.