Table 1.
Altered biomarkers in OC.
| # | Year | Author | Subjects (n) | Sample origin∗ | Gene marker∗∗ | Result | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2010 | Taoudi Benchekroun et al. | 162 | HB | EGFR (U) | An increased EGFR gene copy number increases the risk of OSCC | P = 0.062 |
| 2 | 2012 | Jung et al. | 17 | TB | 134 different miRNA (see image 1) | Keratinization and high miR-21 levels are important indicators of oral cancer patient prognosis | P < 0.05 |
| 3 | 2013 | Minakawa et al. | 106 | TB | KIFGA (U) | Results showed that KIFGA is overexpressed in OC | P < 0.05 |
| 4 | 2015 | Luo et al. | 121 | HB | OPN (osteopontin) | Tumor OPN plays an important role in tumor development particularly in tumor invasion and metastasis | P = 0.002 |
| 5 | 2014 | Su et al. | 7 | HB | DEPDC1B (U) | DEPDC1B is highly expressed in oral cancer tissue, compared to adjacent tissue. The overexpression in cells promotes cell migration and induces cell invasion in cancer cell lines | / |
| 6 | 2011 | Cao et al. | 76 | TB | EZM2(D) | EZH2 expression is an independent predictor for OSCC. EZH2 may serve as a biomarker for oral cancer risk | P = 0.05 |
| 7 | 2009 | Saintigny et al. | 162 | HB | deltaNp63 (U), EIC (U), podoplanin (U) | Hazard risk of OC with upregulated genes is augmented. Considering all three biomarkers, OC patient survival rate is strikingly higher compared with no, one, or two positive biomarkers | P < 0.0001 |
| 8 | 2011 | Saintigny et al. | 162 | HB | Has-miR-101 (D), deltaNp63 (U), P63 (U), DNMT3B (U) | It demonstrated the value of gene expression profiles in predicting oral cancer development in OPL patients. The microRNA-based strategies might therefore be considered in future chemoprevention studies | / |
∗Type of sample: HU: human biopsy; TB: tissue bank sample. ∗∗Type of altered gene regulation: D: downregulation, diminution; U: upregulation, augmentation.