Table 3.

Characteristics of the reported output arising from dynamic modelling effort in included studies (n = 81)

Article focus	Output value	Time scale for output	Reference(s)
Analytical study	Equilibrium behaviour	–	[43, 106, 108]
Numerical simulations	Uniquely determined value	1 week ⩽ x <1 month	[75]
		1 month ⩽ x <1 year	[42]
		1 year ⩽ x <10 years	[35, 37, 41, 42, 64, 67, 70, 71, 73, 88, 90, 97]
		10 years ⩽ x <50 years	[59, 66, 89, 92, 93, 99, 101, 103]
		50 years ⩽ x	[59, 66, 79, 93, 94, 102]
		Undefined time steps	[109]
		Undefined steady state	[46, 51, 53, 63, 110]
	Distribution of values reported as mean or range	1 week ⩽ x <1 month	[55]
		1 month ⩽ x <1 year	[82]
		1 year ⩽ x <10 years	[49, 56, 69, 72, 83]
		10 years ⩽ x <50 years	[36, 57, 58, 81, 83, 91, 105]
		50 years ⩽ x	[80, 87, 104]
	Both formulations	1 month ⩽ x <1 year	[34, 96]
		1 year ⩽ x <10 years	[52, 98]
		10 years ⩽ x <50 years	[76, 98]
Both analytical study and numerical simulations	Uniquely determined value	1 month ⩽ x <1 year	[33, 44, 50, 54, 61, 74]
		1 year ⩽ x <10 years	[44, 45, 48, 60, 62, 112]
		10 years ⩽ x <50 years	[77, 78]
		50 years ⩽ x	[111]
		Undefined time steps	[39, 40, 85, 107, 113]
		Undefined steady state	[68, 84, 95]
	Distribution of values reported as mean or range	1 month ⩽ x <1 year	[38]
		1 year ⩽ x <10 years	[65]
	Both formulations	1 year ⩽ x <10 years	[47, 86]
		10 years ⩽ x <50 years	[86, 100]