Table 2-1.
Menstrual and Reproductive Factors in Association with the Risk of Lung Cancer in the Entire Study Population
| All |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases, n = 680 |
Ctrls, n = 1808 |
Adjusted OR1 |
SB-adjusted1 OR1 |
|||
| N | % | N | % | (95% CI) | (95% PI) | |
| Menstrual Characteristics | ||||||
| Age at menarche | ||||||
| <=15 | 224 | 33.33 | 639 | 35.56 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 16–17 | 262 | 38.99 | 689 | 38.34 | 1.20 (0.96, 1.51) | 1.20 (0.96, 1.50) |
| > = 18 | 186 | 27.68 | 469 | 26.10 | 1.29 (1.00-, 1.68) | 1.29 (1.00-, 1.66) |
| Ptrend4 | 0.046 | 0.043 | ||||
| As a continuous variable8 | 1.05 (1.00-, 1.10) | 1.05 (1.00-, 1.10) | ||||
| Age at menopause5 | ||||||
| <46 | 62 | 9.84 | 189 | 11.09 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 46–54 | 451 | 71.59 | 1307 | 76.66 | 1.02 (0.73, 1.43) | 1.01 (0.73, 1.38) |
| >54 | 117 | 18.57 | 209 | 12.26 | 1.65 (1.10, 2.48) | 1.61 (1.10, 2.36) |
| Ptrend | 0.004 | 0.004 | ||||
| As a continuous variable8 | 1.03 (1.01, 1.06) | 1.03 (1.01, 1.06) | ||||
| Reproductive window | ||||||
| <=32 | 227 | 35.80 | 651 | 38.11 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 33–35 | 181 | 28.55 | 511 | 29.92 | 0.98 (0.76, 1.25) | 0.98 (0.77, 1.24) |
| > = 36 | 226 | 35.65 | 546 | 31.97 | 1.10 (0.87, 1.40) | 1.10 (0.87, 1.40) |
| Ptrend | 0.441 | 0.406 | ||||
| As a continuous variable8 | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) | ||||
| Reproductive History | ||||||
| Parity6 | ||||||
| 0 or 1 | 116 | 17.08 | 217 | 12.00 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 2–3 | 305 | 44.92 | 864 | 47.79 | 0.68 (0.51, 0.91) | 0.70 (0.53, 0.93) |
| 4 or more | 258 | 38 | 727 | 40.21 | 0.72 (0.53, 0.97) | 0.74 (0.55, 0.99) |
| Ptrend | 0.177 | 0.18 | ||||
| As a continuous variable8 | 0.95 (0.89, 1.01) | 0.95 (0.89, 1.01) | ||||
| Gravidity6 | ||||||
| 0 or 1 | 104 | 15.32 | 195 | 10.79 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 2–3 | 275 | 40.50 | 773 | 42.75 | 0.69 (0.50, 0.93) | 0.71 (0.53, 0.95) |
| 4 or more | 300 | 44.18 | 840 | 46.46 | 0.78 (0.58, 1.06) | 0.80 (0.60, 1.08) |
| Ptrend | 0.583 | 0.587 | ||||
| As continuous variable8 | ||||||
| Number of live birth6 | ||||||
| 0 or 1 | 118 | 17.38 | 226 | 12.50 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 2–3 | 313 | 46.10 | 887 | 49.06 | 0.69 (0.52, 0.92) | 0.71 (0.54, 0.94) |
| 4 or more | 248 | 36.52 | 695 | 38.44 | 0.73 (0.54, 0.99) | 0.75 (0.56, 1.01) |
| Ptrend | 0.227 | 0.227 | ||||
| As a continuous variable8 | 0.95 (0.89, 1.01) | 0.95 (0.89, 1.01) | ||||
| Life time abortion | ||||||
| Never | 631 | 92.93 | 1650 | 91.26 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Ever | 48 | 7.07 | 158 | 8.74 | 1.03 (0.70, 1.51) | 1.01 (0.70, 1.45) |
| As a continuous variable8 | 1.08 (0.84, 1.39) | 1.05 (0.83, 1.34) | ||||
| Outcome of first pregnancy7 | ||||||
| Live birth | 631 | 94.89 | 1656 | 94.04 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Stillbirth | 19 | 2.86 | 51 | 2.90 | 0.88 (0.48, 1.61) | 0.91 (0.52, 1.58) |
| Miscarriage | 14 | 2.11 | 46 | 2.61 | 1.02 (0.53, 1.97) | 1.03 (0.57, 1.87) |
| Ectopic Preg | 1 | 0.15 | 1 | 0.06 | NA | 0.91 (0.24, 3.49) |
| Induced abortion | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0.34 | NA | NA |
| Number of Ovulatory Cycles | ||||||
| <=368 | 182 | 30.18 | 536 | 33.58 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| (368, 415] | 192 | 31.84 | 537 | 33.65 | 0.96 (0.74, 1.24) | 0.96 (0.75, 1.23) |
| >415 | 229 | 37.98 | 523 | 32.77 | 1.21 (0.94, 1.55) | 1.21 (0.95, 1.55) |
| Ptrend | 0.123 | 0.113 | ||||
| As a continuous variable (per 13 ovulatory cycles) 8 | 1.02 (1.00+, 1.04) | 1.02 (1.00+, 1.04) | ||||
| Exogenous Hormone | ||||||
| Oral Contraceptive use | ||||||
| Never | 635 | 96.5 | 1649 | 94.66 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Ever | 23 | 3.50 | 93 | 5.34 | 0.93 (0.56, 1.55) | 0.93 ((0.58, 1.50) |