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. 2016 Jun 28;1(3):180–198. doi: 10.1177/2396987316654338

Table 3.

Frequency of risk factors in stroke cases admitted to hospitals in the Middle East.

Risk factors
Study Event type HBP (%) DM (%) Dislipidemia (%) Smoking (%) TIA (%) Cardiac diseases
Obesity (%) FH (%) Othersa (%) None (%)
MI (%) IHD (%) AF (%) RHD (%) Not specified (%)
Al-jishi and Mohan10 Stroke 52 20 29 29 50 29
Al banna et al.11 Stroke 75 54 34 19
Khedr et al.16 Stroke 66 38.6 8.8 12.3
Ahangar et al.17 Stroke 54 24 26 26 43.2
Ghandehari and Izadi-Mood18 Ischemic stroke 53.2 13.5 8 15.2 12 12.2 11.4 10.6 17.7 18.9 10.6
Dehghani firoozabadi et al.20 Acute stroke 54.7 14.9 12.2 9 20.1 24.4 25
Fahimfar et al.21 Stroke 48.6 22.9 42.8 23
Azarpazhooh et al.22,b Stroke 52M 70.9W 30M 31.1W 21.8M 28.4W 39.8M 23.6W 7.4M 6.9W 7.6M 9.6W 4.4M
Delbari et al.24 Ischemic stroke 64 36 32 20 34 9.55
Delbari et al.25 Stroke 74.6 55.7 15.2 5.4 20.4c 10.4 40.4
Ghandehari and Izadi Mood26 Lacunar stroke 60.4 20 23 14 16
Togha and Bakhtavar28 Intracerebral hemorrhage 67.2 18 13.1 17.2
Jongorbani (1996)30 Stroke 63.3 16.3 65.8
Parniya et al.31 Intracranial hemorrhage 36.6 5.1 2.5 9.5 6.95
Al-mahdawi32 Ischemic Stroke 34 28 24 44 28 6 4
Al-heeti33 Stroke 76.1 25 18 47.0034 5.3 5
Al-asadi and Habib34 Stroke 66.2 28 28.4 10.2 28.9 9.8 5.8 31.6
Awad et al.35 Stroke 69 41 33 22 8 4 1.5
Plakht et al.37,d Ischemic stroke 71.1 37.9 36.2 11.9 14.9 10.4
Tanne et al.38 Stroke 75 40 46 19 28 17 17 12
Bahou et al.39 Ischemic stroke 76 43.5 33 35 8.5 7.5 20.5
Ashkanani et al.40 Stroke 68.9 56.3 57 40 27.2 28.5 7.9
Al-shammri et al.41 Ischemic stroke 72.5 69.4 30.6 1.6 9.7 6.5 24.2 8.1
Abdul-ghaffar et al.42 Stroke 53 42 61 23
Riachy et al.43,e Acute stroke 71.7S 56.3NS 23.9S 37.5NS 28.3S 12.5NS 30.4S 12.5NS 26.1Sc 25NSc 10.9S 18.8NS 17.4S 25.0NS
Sweileh et al.44 Stroke 69.9 45.2 21 7.5 14 12.4 16.7
Sawalha45 Ischemic stroke 66 45.8 19.6 16.3 18
Khan et al.46,f Stroke 79.2H 73.7I 26.4H 66.8I 11.3H 52.5I 11.3H 42I 17H 16.5I 7.5H 10I - 14.2I - 5.5I 11.3H 37.7I
Hamad et al.47 Stroke 63 42 17 4.5
Christos et al.48 Stroke 63.8 52.1 19.2 40.4 30.6
Khan49 Ischemic stroke 40 32.5 27.5 27.5 22.5
Akhtar et al.50 Ischemic stroke 60 44 12 20 17 16 66
Nogueira51 Subarachnoid stroke 42.4 9 39.4 12.1
Deleu et al.52 Ischemic stroke 69 51 57 26 24 23 5 30 8
Qari53 Stroke 61 27 4 28 1 8.5 4 1
Al rajeh et al.54 Stroke 56 42 6 9 33 3
Akbar and Mushtaq55 Stroke 67 17 50 17
Al-rajeh et al.56 Stroke 65 36 29 20
Yacub et al.57,† Stroke 62H 41I 8H 25I 10I 11I
Awada and Al-rajeh59 Stroke 52 41 10.4 17 10 3
El sayed et al.60 Stroke 24.9 11.6 1.8 2.1 2.1c 5.8 5.5 5.8 27.5g
Al-rajeh et al.61 Stroke 38.1 37.1 19.3 2.9 26.6 14.1 5.3
Qutub62 Ischemic stroke 80 72 36
Al rajeh63 Stroke 47 36 39
Awada et al.65 Cerebral hemorrhage 64 23 20c 14 21
Awada66 Stroke 32 16 26 6 17 1
Ayoola et al.67 Stroke 45.6 22.8 5.4 6.6 8.7 22.4 1.2 7.9
Balci et al.68 Ischemic stroke 45 17 35.4 37 2.7 5.7 18 25
Turkey69,f Stroke 77.7H 68.4I 26.6H 63.1I 17.7H 47.3I 44.4H 31I
Yesilot et al.70,b Stroke 68.0M 72.8W 25.0M 24.8W 45.5M 45.3W 29.0M 15.5W 18.2M 12.8W 18.7M 33.6W 30.4M 22.1W 11M 11W
McLachlan71 Stroke 75 55 53 31
Mirghani and Zein72 Ischemic stroke 76 52.8 65.5 12.9 16.4c 29.2
Sallam et al.73 Stroke 68.3 24.4 13.9 42 17.3c 42.4 5.4 8.7

AF: atrial fibrillation; DM: diabetes mellitus; FH: family history of stroke; HBP: hypertension; IHD: ischemic heart disease; MI: myocardial infarction; RHD: rheumatic heart disease; TIA: previous history of transient ischemic stroke.

a

Other important risk factors reported include migraine, anticoagulant drugs, alcohol intake, blood disorders, sickle cell disease, cervical bruit, oral contraceptive, and depression.

b

Reported data on “M” men and “W” women separately.

c

Previous history of stroke.

d

Data reported in 2006.

e

Reported data on “S” survivors and “NS” nonsurvivors separately.

f

Reported data on “H” hemorrhagic and “I” ischemic patients separately.

g

Data only for hemorrhagic patients.