Table 3.
Summary of Representative Preclinical Studies of Self-Amplifying mRNA Vaccines for Prevention of Infectious Diseases
| Antigen (Pathogen) | Delivery | Route | Elicited Responses | Models Tested | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HA (influenza virus) | CNE, LNP, MDNP | i.m. | humoral, cellular, protection | mice, ferrets | 13, 138, 142 |
| gp140 (HIV) | CNE | i.m. | humoral, cellular | mice, rabbits, NHPs | 108, 140 |
| gB, pp65-IE1 (HCMV) | CNE | i.m. | humoral, cellular | NHPs | 108 |
| SLOdm, BP-2a (streptococci) | CNE | i.m. | humoral, protection | mice | 21 |
| PMIF (malaria) | CNE | i.m. | humoral, cellular, protection | mice | 141 |
| F (RSV) | CNE, LNP | i.m. | humoral, cellular, protection | mice, cotton rats | 107, 108 |
| GP (rabies), gH/gL (HCMV) | LNP | i.m. | humoral | mice | 12 |
| NP, M1 (influenza virus) | LNP | i.m. | humoral, cellular, protection | mice | 111 |
| prM-E (Louping ill virus), F (RSV), HA (influenza virus) | naked | i.m. | humoral, cellular, partial protection | mice | 106 |
| HA, NP (influenza virus) | PEI, chitosan | s.c. | humoral, cellular | mice, rabbits | 122, 123 |
| prM-E (Zika virus) | MDNP, NLC | i.m. | humoral | mice, guinea pigs | 139, 162 |
| GP (Ebola virus) | MDNP | i.m. | humoral, cellular, protection | mice | 138 |
| Six antigensa (Toxoplasma gondii) | MDNP | i.m. | protection | mice | 138 |
BP-2a, group B Streptococcus pilus 2a backbone protein; CNE, cationic nanoemulsion; F, fusion protein; gB, glycoprotein B; GP, glycoprotein; HA, hemagglutinin; HCMV, human cytomegalovirus; i.d., intradermal; i.m., intramuscular; i.v., intravenous; LNP, lipid nanoparticle; M1, matrix protein 1; MDNP, modified dendrimer nanoparticle; NHP, nonhuman primate; NLC, nanostructured lipid carrier; NP, nucleoprotein; PC, pentameric complex; PEI, polyethylenimine; PMIF, plasmodium macrophage migration inhibitory factor; prM-E, pre-membrane and envelope; Ref. References; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; s.c., subcutaneous; SLOdm, double-mutated group A Streptococcus Streptolysin-O.
AMA1, GRA6, ROP2A, ROP18, SAG1, and SAG2A from Toxoplasma gondii.