Table 2.
Summary of human studies
| Author | Procedure type | Group and study type | Key results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gouda et al. 2017 Bilateral RCT |
6 patients 8 sinus lifts in sites with < 8 mm available bone. CBCT at 1 week and 9 months to determine the change in bone height and %age of bone loss. Histomorphometry to determine new bone formation rate |
Experimental group: 7.21 mg simvastatin/1 g beta-TCP Control: beta-TCP |
SSD in new bone formation of maxillary sinus bone grafting. More in the SIM group. No SSD in the amount of bone loss between both groups |
| Ranjan et al. 2017 RCT |
20 patients, 40 bilateral periodontal intrabony defects. Open flap debridement. Clinical and radiographic outcomes |
Experimental group: OFD + 1.2 SIM compared to Control: OFD + placebo. GI, PI, PD, CAL at 3, 6, 9 months. Bone fill assessment |
SSD decrease in PD. GI and increase in CAL in the experimental group. No SSD in PI. SSD increase in the amount and percentage of bone fill in the experimental group |
| Kinra et al. 2010 Bilateral RCT |
15 patients Bilateral 2-walled or 3-walled periodontal intrabony defects. Regenerative periodontal therapy with bone grafts. Clinical and radiographic outcomes |
Experimental group: DFDBA and SIM (10–8 M) Control group: DFDBA PI, PD, intrabony pocket depth at 10, 24 weeks |
SSD in an increase in bone fill, CAL gain, reduction in PD in the experimental group |
| Chauhan et al., 2015 Bilateral RCT |
30 patients Bilateral impacted mandibular third molar extraction sockets. Extraction and site preservation. Clinical and radiographic outcomes |
Experimental group: Gelfoam with 10 mg simvastatin Control: Gelfoam Pain, swelling, bone density with software at 3 months |
No SSD in facial swelling and pain between both groups. SSD increase in bone density (calculated by gray level histogram) in the experimental group |
| Pradeep et al. 2012 Bilateral RCT |
72 patients Mandibular molar buccal Class II furcation defects. Non-surgical periodontal therapy. Radiographic assessment of (PD), (RVAL) vertical and horizontal (RHAL) attachment levels |
Group I: SRP plus placebo Group II: SRP plus 1.2-mg SIM Recall at Baseline, 3 and 6 months |
SSD in the experimental group < control SSD in PD in the experimental group at all periods. SSD increase in bone fill, RVAL, RHAL in the experimental group |
| Madi M, Kassem A 2018 RCT |
N = 40 Free gingival graft procedure. Visual analog scale for pain and discomfort scoring. Wound healing score |
4 groups: group I: Simvastatin suspension (S), group II: simvastatin/chitosan gel (SC), group III: chitosan gel (C), group IV: petroleum gel (P). Recall at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 days |
SSD in VAS and wound healing score at 3, 7, 15 days in the group II, simvastatin/chitosan gel (SC) application |
DFDBA demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft, TCP tricalcium phosphate, OFD open flap debridement, SSD statistical significant difference, GI gingival index, PI plaque index, PD probing depth, CAL clinical attachment level, SRP scaling and root planning, SIM simvastatin, VAS visual analog scale