Table 2.

Surrogate markers suggested of intracranial atherosclerosis-related large vessel occlusion.

	Surrogate markers	ICAS-related	Embolic
Before starting EVT	Atrial fibrillation, 2017 (13)	+*	+++
	Susceptibility artifact on MR gradient echo image, 2015 (28)	+	+++
	Hyperdense artery sign on NECT, 2017 (29)	+	++
	Truncal-type occlusion on CT angiography, 2017 (13), 2016 (14)	+++	+
During the EVT	Truncal-type occlusion, 2016 (7), 2017 (13), 2016 (14)	++++	+
	Residual stenosis, 2014 (8), 2015 (16), 2018 (23)	++++	+

EVT, endovascular treatment; ICAS, intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis; MR, magnetic resonance; NECT, non-enhanced computed tomography; CT, computed tomography.

^*The number of + sign indicates to have more probability to have ICAS-related or embolic surrogate markers.