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. 2018 Feb 21;33(2):137–145. doi: 10.1093/mutage/gey003

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Figure 1. — A general scheme for the induction of gene expression through the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signalling pathway (adapted from Kensler et al. (18)). Nrf2-regulated genes are activated as a result of exposure to endogenous or exogenous molecules. This leads to disruption of Nrf2 interaction with Keap1 leading to stabilisation of Nrf2 protein and its nuclear accumulation. Nrf2 interacts with multiple partners in the nucleus allowing for transactivation of ARE-responsive genes. Induction of these genes results in resistance of cells to environmental stresses.