Figure 2.

In vivo growth of Gprc5a^−/− Kras-mutant LUAD G1 spheres and parental cells. Three different cell dilutions (500,000; 10,000; 1,000) of either Gprc5a^−/− MDA-F471 parental cells or dissociated spheres were suspended in 200 μl of a 1:1 mixture of serum-free DMEM F-12 media and growth factor-reduced Matrigel™ and subcutaneously injected into the right flank of 11 to 12 mice per group and per xenotransplanted cell number. Lengths and widths of tumors were measured three times per week for 4 weeks and tumor sizes were calculated according to the formula: tumor size (mm²) = length x width. Tumor sizes are plotted in line graphs as means ± SEM (left) or as individual values per mouse (right). Analysis was performed on grouped mice (A) or following separating animal groups into female and male sub-groups (B). Average values of areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated for each group and differences between AUCs were statistically analyzed using Student's t-test (*P < 0.05).