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. 2019 Mar 29;10:573. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00573

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Copyright © 2019 Lombardi, Tolchard, Bouillot, Signor, Gebus, Liebl, Fenel, Teulon, Brock, Habenstein, Pellequer, Faudry, Loquet, Attrée, Dessen and Job.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Needle reconstruction for PscF wild-type and mutants. (A) The PrgI Solid-state NMR structure was used as a model for the construction of PscF in the Forward and Reverse orientations. Mutants D76A and P74A/Q54A were constructed on the PscF-forward model. The exterior view (left) and lumen view (right) of the T3SS needle models are colored by surface electrostatic potentials, at pH 7, using the APBS plugin for PyMol. (B) Distribution of conserved residues distribution on PrgI and PscF needle models in Forward and Reverse orientations. (C) Hydrophobicity distribution of the different models shown in (B).