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. 2019 Jan 16;8(1):17–28. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2018.1558960

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© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — Chitinase activity of selected gastroenteritis outbreak isolates. (a) Schematic illustration showing the lmo0105 (chiB) locus of L. monocytogenes EGD-e and the position of the premature stop codon in the gastroenteritis outbreak isolates (upper part). Domain organization of the ChiB protein according to Paspaliari et al. [60] (bottom part). The premature stop codon is indicated by a star. GH18 – family 18 glycoside hydrolases domain, FnIII – fibronectin type III-like domain, CBD – carbohydrate binding domain. (b) Multiple sequence alignment of the chiB gene sequences (partial) of all L. monocytogenes isolates sequenced in this study. The 315th codon of chiB (CGA, encoding arginine) is changed into the TGA stop codon in all gastroenteritis outbreak isolates and in all food isolates. (c) Chitinase activity of invasive isolates, gastroenteritis outbreak isolates and two selected food isolates on chitin agar plates after 4 days of incubation at 30°C. Halo formation indicates chitin hydrolysis. EGD-e was included as positive control. Please see the online version of the article for a colored figure.