Table 3. Effect of CTX prophylaxis on TM infection among HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART.

CTX prophylaxis	Total patients n	TM infection n (%)	HR* (95%CI)	pHR*	aHR** (95%CI)	paHR**
Yes	2748	113 (4.11%)	0.54(0.38–0.76)	<0.001	0.50(0.35–0.73)	<0.001
No	611	46 (7.53%)	1	–	1	–

*HR: hazard ratio.

**aHR: adjusted hazard ratio, adjusted by CTX use, ART age, gender, marital status, transmission route, initial WHO stage, initial ART regimen, baseline BMI, baseline CD4⁺ cell count, HBV, HCV infection, TB infection in the past year, other opportunistic infections in the past three months (including thrush, hairy leukoplakia, PCP, oesophageal candidiasis, extrapulmonary TB and toxoplasmic encephalitis), and delayed time to ART initiation.