Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 564 HIV-positive illicit drug users stratified by HIV-1 RNA VL rebound over follow-up in Vancouver, Canada
| Characteristic | HIV VL rebound | No HIV VL rebound | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total n (%) | 198 (35.1) | 366 (64.9) | ||
| Agea | ||||
| Per year older | 41.1 (35.8–45.2) | 44.5 (38.9–50.2) | <0.001d | |
| Genderb | ||||
| Male | 131 (66.2) | 255 (69.7) | 1.00 | |
| Non-male | 67 (33.8) | 111 (30.3) | 0.85 (0.59, 1.23) | 0.395 |
| Ancestryb | ||||
| Non-White | 89 (44.9) | 138 (42.3) | 1.00 | |
| White | 109 (55.1) | 211 (57.7) | 0.90 (0.63, 1.27) | 0.530 |
| Educationb | ||||
| < High-school diploma | 80 (40.4) | 138 (37.7) | 1.00 | |
| ≥ High school diploma | 118 (59.6) | 228 (62.3) | 1.61 (1.13, 2.28) | 0.008d |
| Unstable housingc | ||||
| No | 80 (40.4) | 138 (37.7) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 118 (59.6) | 228 (62.3) | 0.89 (0.63, 1.27) | 0.587 |
| Heroin injectionc | ||||
| < Daily | 173 (87.4) | 341 (93.2) | 1.00 | |
| ≥ Daily | 25 (12.6) | 25 (6.8) | 1.97 (1.10, 3.53) | 0.029d |
| Cocaine injectionc | ||||
| < Daily | 172 (86.9) | 331 (90.4) | 1.00 | |
| ≥ Daily | 26 (13.1) | 35 (9.6) | 1.43 (0.83, 2.45) | 0.203 |
| Crystal MA injectionc | ||||
| < Daily | 188 (94.1) | 353 (96.4) | 1.00 | |
| ≥ Daily | 10 (5.1) | 13 (3.6) | 1.44 (0.62, 3.36) | 0.390 |
| Crack cocaine usec | ||||
| < Daily | 143 (72.2) | 269 (73.5) | 1.00 | |
| ≥ Daily | 55 (27.8) | 97 (26.5) | 1.07 (0.72, 1.57) | 0.766 |
| Heavy alcohol usec | ||||
| No | 188 (94.9) | 351 (95.9) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 10 (5.1) | 15 (4.1) | 1.24 (0.55, 2.82) | 0.669 |
| HIV physician experienceb | ||||
| ≥6 patients | 42 (21.2) | 126 (34.5) | 1.00 | |
| <6 patients | 156 (78.8) | 240 (65.5) | 1.07 (0.70, 1.63) | 0.744 |
| ART adherencec | ||||
| ≤95% | 97 (49.0) | 126 (34.4) | 1.00 | |
| >95% | 101 (51.0) | 240 (65.6) | 0.55 (0.38, 0.78) | <0.001d |
| CD4+ T-cell countb | ||||
| Per 100 cells/ml | 2.8 (1.7–4.0) | 3.3 (2.1–4.7) | 0.002d | |
Values are mean (IQR) or n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
a
Based on current status.
b
Measured at baseline.
c
Time-updated referring to the last 6 months.
d
Statistically significant P<0.05.
ART, antiretroviral therapy; MA, methamphetamine; VL, viral load.