Figure 1.

Associations of metabolites in each trimester to newborn percentage body fat. Negative log transformed p-values are plotted for each metabolite on the y-axis, while estimate of the z-score metabolite are plotted on the x-axis. Higher values represented in upper part present a higher association between metabolite and newborn body fat percentages. P-values were calculated by linear regression models with newborn body fat percentages obtained by DXA scans as dependent variable and the each metabolite as independent variables. The linear models were adjusted for infant sex, maternal ethnicity, gestational age at birth, parity, and marital status of the mother. Metabolite names highlighted in red depict significant associations after FDR correction for multiple testing. All newborn body fat percentages ~metabolite associations which were significant (without correction for multiple testing) after the sensitivity analysis are plotted with point and name. AA, amino acids; NEFA, nonesterified fatty acids; acyl-Carn, acylcarnitines; lysoPC, lysophosphatidylcholines; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PCaa, diacyl-phosphatidylcholines; PCae, alkyl-linked phosphatidylcholines; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; SFA, saturated fatty acid; SM, sphingomyelins; TCA, tricarboxylic acid.