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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Epidemiol. 2018 Dec 7;108:34–43. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.11.024

Table 4.

Distribution of crude annual costs (unadjusted for probability of causation) expected according to the respective proportion of each race/ethnicity category within the total population (base case estimates)

Exposure and related outcome Cost ($)

Non-Hispanic White (66.1% of population) Non-Hispanic Black (12.6% of population) Mexican American (13.5% of population) Other Hispanic (0.4% of population) Other/Multira cial (7.4% of population)
Polybrominateddiphenyl ethers - (PBDE) IQ Loss and Intellectual Disability cases 161.1 billion 30.7 billion 32.9 billion 974.8 million 18.0 billion
Organophosphate pesticides (OP)- IQ Loss and Intellectual Disability cases 31.2 billion 5.9 billion 6.4 billion 188.8 million 3.5 billion
Dichlorodiphenyldichloro ethylene (DDE) - Childhood overweight 46.1 million 8.8 million 9.4 million 278,800 5.2 million
Dichlorodiphenyldichloro ethylene (DDE) – Adult diabetes 1.8 billion 350.1 million 375.1 million 11.1 million 205.6 million
Di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP)-Adult obesity 1.2 billion 221 million 236.8 million 7.0 million 129.8 million
Di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP)-Adult diabetes 179 million 34.1 million 36.6 million 1.1 million 20.0 million
Bisphenol A - Childhood obesity 1.6 billion 312.1 million 334.4 million 9.9 million 183.3 million
Polybrominateddiphenyl ethers (PBDE) - Testicular cancer 53.9 million 10.3 million 11.0 million 326,400 6.1 million
Polybrominateddiphenyl ethers (PBDE) - Cryptorchidism 22.9 million 4.4 million 4.7 million 138,800 2.6 million
Phthalates - Low testosterone, Resulting in Increased Early Mortality 5.9 billion 1.1 billion 1.2 billion 35.8 million 663.1 million
Dichlorodiphenyldichloro ethylene (DDE) - Fibroids 388.7 million 74.1 million 79.4 million 2.4 million 43.5 million
Di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) - Endometriosis 31.0 billion 5.9 billion 6.3 billion 187.6 million 3.5 billion