Table 5.
Risk of Adult Type 2 Diabetes in Relation to Overweight Status at Childhood and at Young Adult Age After Adjustment for Birth Weight
| Childhood/Young Adult Overweight Status | Type 2 Diabetes | HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Early type 2 diabetes (≤55.7 y of age; n = 34,265) | ||
| Normal weight/normal weight (n = 30,495) | 577 | 1 (reference) |
| Overweight/normal weight (n = 1,234) | 31 | 1.45 (1.00; 2.08) |
| Normal weight/overweight (n = 1,635) | 144 | 4.85 (4.04; 5.83) |
| Overweight/overweight (n = 901) | 79 | 4.97 (3.92; 6.29) |
| Late type 2 diabetes (>55.7 y of age; n = 24,531) | ||
| Normal weight/normal weight (n = 22.090) | 677 | 1 (reference) |
| Overweight/normal weight (n = 860) | 34 | 1.48 (1.05; 2.09) |
| Normal weight/overweight (n = 996) | 67 | 2.75 (2.14; 3.54) |
| Overweight/overweight (n = 585) | 47 | 3.22 (3.40; 4.34) |
HRs for type 2 diabetes were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression after adjustment for birthweight (n = 34,265). Normal weight/normal weight, not overweight at 8 or 20 y of age; Overweight/normal weight, overweight at 8 but not at 20 y of age; Normal weight/overweight, overweight at 20 but not at 8 y of age; Overweight/overweight, overweight both at 8 and 20 y of age. Childhood overweight at 8 y of age was defined as BMI ≥17.9 kg/m2 (6), whereas young adult overweight at 20 y of age was defined as BMI ≥25 kg/m2. The models have been adjusted for birth year and country of birth.