Table 3. Association between ultrasound diagnosis of estimated fetal weight ≥ 90th percentile and cesarean delivery.
| Variable | Cesarean delivery ( n = 270) | Vaginal delivery ( n = 360) | p -Value | Adjusted odds ratio a | 95% confidence interval |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US diagnosis of ≥ 90th percentile b | 85 (31.5) c | 55 (15.3) | < 0.001 | 1.82 | 1.11–2.99 |
| Birth weight (kg) | 3.584 ± 0.50 | 3.384 ± 0.52 | < 0.001 | 1.87 | 1.23–2.84 |
| Induction of labor | 174 (64.4) | 155 (43.1) | < 0.001 | 2.11 | 1.47–3.03 |
| Class of obesity: | 0.002 | ||||
| Class II (BMI = 35–39.9 kg/m 2 ) | 123 (45.6) | 208 (57.8) | (ref) | ||
| Class III (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m 2 ) | 147 (54.4) | 152 (42.2) | 1.19 | 0.70–2.01 | |
| Any maternal diabetes | 69 (25.6) | 42 (11.7) | < 0.001 | 2.14 | 1.34–3.43 |
| Any maternal hypertensive disorder | 72 (26.7) | 79 (21.9) | 0.17 | 1.13 | 0.74–1.74 |
| Maternal age at delivery (y) | 29.8 ± 6.1 | 27.9 ± 6.1 | 0.001 | 1.06 | 1.02–1.09 |
| Maternal race: | 0.33 | ||||
| White non-Hispanic | 77 (28.5) | 92 (25.6) | (ref) | ||
| Black non-Hispanic | 89 (33.0) | 103 (28.6) | 1.65 | 0.99–2.76 | |
| Asian | 8 (3.0) | 14 (3.9) | 0.71 | 0.26–1.99 | |
| Hispanic | 55 (20.4) | 97 (26.9) | 0.93 | 0.54–1.61 | |
| Other | 41 (15.2) | 54 (15.0) | 1.11 | 0.63–1.93 | |
| Maternal BMI at delivery (kg/m 2 ) | 41.8 ± 5.8 | 40.4 ± 5.2 | 0.002 | 1.03 | 0.98–1.08 |
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.
a
Adjusted for ultrasound estimated fetal weight ≥ 90th percentile, birth weight, induction of labor, class of obesity, any maternal diabetes, any maternal hypertensive disorder, maternal age, maternal race, maternal BMI.
b
Defined as ultrasonographic estimated fetal weight ≥ 90th percentile for gestational age at the time of ultrasound.
c
Data presented are mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables, n (%) for categorical variables.