Odds Ratio: Biologic Use (95% CI)	p-value	Odds Ratio: Immunomodulator Use (95% CI)	p-value	Odds Ratio: 5-ASA Use (95% CI)	p-value	Odds Ratio: Corticosteroid Use (95% CI)	p-value	Odds Ratio: Opioid Use (95% CI)	p-value
Gender
Female (referent)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Male	1.22 (1.14–1.30)	<0.001	1.08 (1.02–1.14)	0.006	1.18 (1.13–1.23)	<0.001	0.93 (0.90–0.98)	0.002	0.85 (0.82–0.89)	<0.001
Age Group
12 to 18	1.75 (1.56–1.97)	<0.001	1.85 (1.66–2.07)	<0.001	1.10 (0.98–1.24)	0.09	1.33 (1.20–1.47)	<0.001	0.98 (0.89–1.08)	0.71
19 to 30 (referent)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
31 to 45	0.60 (0.54–0.65)	<0.001	0.65 (0.60–0.71)	<0.001	0.79 (0.73–0.85)	<0.001	0.85 (0.80–0.91)	<0.001	1.09 (1.02–1.17)	0.009
45 to 64	0.31 (0.28–0.34)	<0.001	0.50 (0.46–0.54)	<0.001	0.59 (0.55–0.63)	<0.001	0.62 (0.58–0.66)	<0.001	1.02 (0.96–1.09)	0.55
Region
Northeast (Referent)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
North Central	1.32 (1.19–1.46)	<0.001	1.58 (1.45–1.73)	<0.001	1.79 (1.68–1.92)	<0.001	1.64 (1.54–1.75)	<0.001	1.69 (1.59–1.81)	<0.001
South	1.31(1.19–1.44)	<0.001	1.28 (1.18–1.39)	<0.001	1.55 (1.46–1.64)	<0.001	1.72 (1.62–1.82)	<0.001	1.93 (1.82–2.04)	<0.001
West	1.21 (1.07–1.36)	0.001	1.29 (1.17–1.42)	<0.001	1.33 (1.25–1.43)	<0.001	1.21 (1.13–1.30)	<0.001	1.48 (1.48–1.69)	<0.001
Unknown	1.28 (1.00–1.63)	0.048	0.85 (0.67–1.08)	0.18	0.74 (0.64–0.86)	<0.001	0.80 (0.69–0.93)	0.005	0.91 (0.77–0.89)	0.22
Insurance Type
EPO/PPO (referent)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
HMO/Cap POS	1.01 (0.91–1.11)	0.91	1.15 (1.06–1.25)	0.001	1.58 (1.47–1.70)	<0.001	1.28 (1.20–1.36)	<0.001	1.39 (1.30–1.48)	<0.001
POS	1.09 (0.97–1.23)	0.15	1.20 (1.09–1.34)	<0.001	1.27 (1.17–1.38)	<0.001	1.27 (1.17–1.37)	<0.001	1.23 (1.14–1.33)	<0.001
HDHP/CDHP	1.21 (1.08–1.36)	0.001	0.96 (0.86–1.07)	0.44	1.43 (1.31–1.56)	<0.001	1.39 (1.28–1.50)	<0.001	1.10 (1.01–1.19)	0.02
Comp	0.82 (0.62–1.07)	0.14	1.13 (0.93–1.38)	0.23	1.47 (1.25–1.72)	<0.001	1.31 (1.13–1.53)	<0.001	1.49 (1.28–1.73)	<0.001
Grouped Charlson Index
0 (referent)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1	1.49 (1.38–1.62)	<0.001	1.33 (1.24–1.43)	<0.001	0.89 (0.84–0.94)	<0.001	1.43 (1.36–1.51)	<0.001	1.47 (1.39–1.55)	<0.001
2+	1.88 (1.72–2.06)	<0.001	1.65 (1.53–1.78)	<0.001	0.81 (0.76–0.85)	<0.001	1.46 (1.38–1.55)	<0.001	2.19 (2.06–2.32)	<0.001